|
Parameters
|
Controls (n=30)
|
Patients without MHE (n=30)
|
Patients with MHE (n=22)
|
Patients with MHE (n=22)
|
|---|
|
“Responder” patients (n=13)
|
“Non-responder” patients (n=9)
|
|---|
|
Before rifaximin
|
After rifaximin treatment
|
Before rifaximin
|
After rifaximin treatment
|
|---|
|
Gender (M/F)
|
19/11
|
24/6
|
19/3
|
11/2
| |
8/1
| |
|
Age
|
59 ± 1
|
61 ± 1
|
63 ± 2
|
60 ± 2
| |
63 ± 2
| |
|
Alcohol
| |
19
|
12
|
7
| |
5
| |
|
HBV/HCV
| |
9
|
5
|
4
| |
1
| |
|
Others
| |
2
|
5
|
2
| |
3
| |
|
Ascites
| |
2
|
6
|
2
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
|
Child Pugh A/B/C
| |
26A/4B
|
13A/6B/3C
|
9A/4B
|
8A/5B
|
6A/2B/1C
|
5A/3B/1C
|
|
MELD
| |
10 ± 1
|
11 ± 1
|
10 ± 1
|
10 ± 1
|
11 ± 2
|
12 ± 2
|
|
Haemoglobin (g/dL)
|
14.6 ± 0.2
|
13.7 ± 0.5
|
13.1 ± 0.4
|
13 ± 0.6*
|
13 ± 0.7*
|
13.7 ± 0.4
|
13.4 ± 0.7
|
|
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)
|
0.5 ± 0.03
|
1.3 ± 0.2**
|
1.2 ± 0.2*
|
1.1 ± 0.2*
|
1.2 ± 0.1*
|
1.3 ± 0.4*
|
1.5 ± 0.5*
|
|
Albumin (g/dL)
|
4.5 ± 0.1
|
3.8 ± 0.2**
|
3.7 ± 0.1***
|
3.7 ± 0.2**
|
3.8 ± 0.2**
|
3.7 ± 0.2**
|
3.6 ± 0.4**
|
|
ALT (U/L)
|
23 ± 2
|
36 ± 3*
|
33 ± 3
|
32 ± 4
|
27 ± 4
|
29 ± 3
|
34 ± 3
|
|
Sodium (mM)
|
138 ± 0.3
|
139 ± 0.7
|
137 ± 2
|
136 ± 1
|
139 ± 1aa
|
138 ± 3
|
136 ± 3a
|
|
Creatinin (mg/dL)
|
0.77 ± 0.02
|
0.78 ± 0.03
|
0.88 ± 0.05
|
0.84 ± 0.06
|
0.81 ± 0.07
|
0.95 ± 0.11*
|
0.89 ± 0.15
|
|
INR
|
1.05 ± 0.01
|
1.34 ± 0.05***
|
1.22 ± 0.05*
|
1.19 ± 0.04***
|
1.28 ± 0.08***
|
1.24 ± 0.1**
|
1.21 ± 0.07***
|
|
Ammonia (μM)
|
9 ± 1
|
27 ± 4*
|
41 ± 8***
|
38 ± 11**
|
34 ± 7*
|
46 ± 12***
|
48 ± 13***
|
- Analytical parameters before and after rifaximin treatment in “responder” and “non-responder” patients
- Values are expressed as the mean ± SEM
- MHE minimal hepatic encephalopathy, HBV hepatitis B virus, HCV hepatitis C virus, MELD model end stage liver disease
- Differences between controls and patients were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey’s multiple comparison test. Differences between before and after Rifaximin treatment were analyzed using a Paired t-test. Values significantly different from controls are indicated by *. Values significantly different after vs. before treatment are indicated by a (*/a p < 0.05; **/aa p < 0.01)
