Fig. 2

The effects of PVN microinjection of saline and TNFα (0.5 ng or 1 ng) on the baseline RSNA and MAP (a, b), and TNFα (1 ng) caused SNA response (the changes of RSNA and MAP) to the pretreatment of TNFα receptor antagonist R-7050 in the PVN. The values are mean ± SD. For each group, n = 6–7; *p < 0.05 versus saline (a, b); ^#p < 0.05 versus Control (a, b); ^&p < 0.05 versus TNFα (0.5 ng a, b); *p < 0.05 versus Saline + Saline (c, d); ^&p < 0.05 versus Control (c, d); ^#p < 0.05 versus Saline + TNFα (c, d). RSNA renal sympathetic nerve activity, MAP mean artery pressure