Fig. 2

Ectoenzyme expression and MSC hydrolysis of ATP over time. a Fluorescently conjugated antibodies against CD73 and CD39 were used to determine MSC expression levels. CD73 is highly expressed by MSCs, while CD39 is lowly expressed. b, c When exposed to extracellular concentrations of ATP, MSCs hydrolyze it at rates that depend on the dose exposed as well as how many cells are in the well. Increasing dose exposure increases the rate of hydrolysis and increases the cell population size, increasing the total amount of ATP that can be hydrolyzed within a given time. Hydrolysis was measured for every population size ranging from a 96-well to a 6-well plate and example population hydrolysis rates for 25,000 cells in a 48-well plate (b) and 50,000 cells in a 24-well plate (c) are shown, where n = 3 for each group