Clinicohistopathological implications of MMP/VEGF expression in retinoblastoma: a combined meta-analysis and bioinformatics analysis

Table 2 Summary of the main findings from the meta-analysis

Outcome-molecular	No. of patients/studies	Random-effects model			Quality-effects model^a		Fixed-effects model^b
Outcome-molecular	No. of patients/studies	OR(s) or r (95% CI)	Test for overall effects (P)	Overall heterogeneity (I²), %	OR(s) or r (95% CI)	Overall Heterogeneity (I²), %	OR(s) or r (95% CI)	Test for overall effects (P)	Overall heterogeneity (I²), %
Tumor invasion		OR			OR		OR
MMP-1	113/3	4.21 (1.86–9.54)	0.0006	0	4.14 (1.83–9.39)	0	4.21 (1.87.9/47)	0.0005	0
MMP-2	140/3	11.18 (4.26–29.30)	< 0.00001	0	11.24 (4.29–29.50)	0	11.46 (4.41–29.79)	< 0.00001	0
MMP-9	431/10	10.41 (4.26–25.47)	< 0.00001	59	6.37 (2.48–16.35)	57	–	–	–
VEGF	409/10	8.09 (4.03–16.20)	< 0.00001	0	8.08 (4.03–16.19)	0	9.93 (5.11–19.30)	< 0.00001	0
Tumor differentiation		OR			OR		OR
MMP-1	113/3	3.58 (1.48–8.71)	0.005	13	3.42 (1.40–8.33)	13	3.55 (1.60–7.89)	0.002	13
MMP-2	140/3	2.96 (1.32–6.64)	0.009	13	3.03 (1.35–6.81)	13	3.01 (1.45–6.25)	0.003	13
MMP-9	474/10	5.49 (3.55–8.48)	< 0.00001	0	6.37 (2.48–16.35)	57	5.77 (3.77–8.83)	< 0.00001	0
VEGF	510/11	5.30 (2.93–9.60)	< 0.00001	38	4.93 (2.71–8.96)	0	5.04 (3.23–7.87)	< 0.00001	38
Clinical stage		OR			OR		OR
MMP-9	227/4	5.17 (2.85–9.38)	< 0.00001	0	5.22 (2.88–9.48)	0	5.19 (2.87–9.39)	< 0.00001	0
Gender		OR			OR		OR
MMP-9	152/3	0.60 (0.26–1.34)	0.21	32	0.60 (0.27–1.36)	32	0.60 (0.31–1.15)	0.12	32
Coexpression^a		r			r
MMP-9 and VEGF	287/5	0.61 (0.38–0.77)	–	84	0.59 (0.34–0.77)	84	–	–	–

No number, OR odds ratio, r summary correlation coefficients, CI confidence intervals
^aThese results are calculated using statistical add-in software MetaXL, in which the p value of testing for overall effects is not provided
^bThe fixed-effects model is applied only when I² ≤ 50%

ISSN: 1479-5876