Table 1 Patient characteristics for the discover and validation cohort
Characteristics | Training set | Internal validation set | In silico validation set | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
No. of Patients | 205 | 69 | 369 | |
Age (y) | 53.6 ± 10.8 | 52.6 ± 10.8 | 59.4 ± 13.6 | < 0.001 |
Tumor diameter (cm) | 5.6 ± 4.3 | 4.7 ± 3.0 | NA | 0.263 |
AFP (ng/ml) | 4175.1 ± 12,911.6 | 4022.1 ± 10,942.1 | 13,833.6 ± 124,798.6 | 0.481 |
Gender | < 0.001 | |||
Female | 37 (18.0%) | 7 (10.1%) | 121 (32.8%) | |
Male | 168 (82.0%) | 62 (89.9%) | 248 (67.2%) | |
HBV | 0.731 | |||
Negative | 25 (12.2%) | 7 (10.1%) | 22 (13.8%) | |
Positive | 180 (87.8%) | 62 (89.9%) | 137 (86.2%) | |
Adjuvant TACE | < 0.001 | |||
No | 137 (66.8%) | 40 (58.0%) | 228 (94.6%) | |
Yes | 68 (33.2%) | 29 (42.0%) | 13 (5.4%) | |
Stage | < 0.001 | |||
I | 107 (52.2%) | 60 (86.9%) | 172 (49.7%) | |
II | 74 (36.1%) | 8 (11.6%) | 83 (24.0%) | |
III/IV | 24 (11.7%) | 1 (1.5%) | 91 (24.9%) | |
Microvascular invasion | < 0.001 | |||
No | 168 (88.9%) | 67 (97.1%) | 208 (66.5%) | |
Yes | 21 (11.1%) | 2 (2.9%) | 105 (33.5%) | |
Tumor differentiation | < 0.001 | |||
I/II | 136 (67.3%) | 55 (79.7%) | 54 (14.8%) | |
III/IV | 66 (32.7%) | 14 (20.3%) | 310 (85.2%) | |
Tumor number | < 0.001 | |||
Single | 171 (83.4%) | 64 (92.8%) | 86 (49.7%) | |
Multiple | 34 (16.6%) | 5 (7.2%) | 87 (50.3%) | |