Table 1 Multivariate COX regression analysis of clinicopathologic factors and four gene signatures for predicting overall survival and 5-year survival in the validation set

Overall survival

Age

 ≥ 60 versus < 60

< 2e−16

4.8152 (3.687–6.288)

3.65e−5

1.900 (1.410–2.577)

Gender

 Male versus Female

0.111

1.2243 (0.954–1.571)

0.7084

1.051 (0.808–1.368)

Grade

 High- versus low-grade

< 2e−16

9.4994 (7.212–12.51)

2.05e−5

2.583 (1.6691–3.997)

Signature 1

 High- versus low-risk

< 2e−16

1.322 (1.276–1.369)

1.74e−10

1.191 (1.129–1.257)

Signature 2

 High- versus low-risk

6.11e−6

2.718 (1.762–4.193)

0.2901

1.223 (0.842–1.777)

Signature 3

 High- versus low-risk

< 2e−16

1.559 (1.469–1.655)

0.0196

1.124 (1.019–1.241)

Signature 4

 High- versus low-risk

0.00258

1.022 (1.008–1.036)

0.2511

1.008 (0.994–1.022)

5-year survival

Age

 ≥ 60 versus < 60

< 2e−16

4.887 (3.737–6.392)

6.56e−5

1.868 (1.374–2.539)

Gender

 Male versus Female

0.07

1.279 (0.980–1.669)

0.7605

1.044 (0.790–1.381)

Grade

 High- versus low-grade

< 2e−16

9.499 (7.212–12.51)

8.27e−5

2.418 (1.558–3.752)

Signature 1

 High- versus low-risk

< 2e−16

1.380 (1.329–1.432)

1.46e−12

1.234 (1.164–1.308)

Signature 2

 High- versus low-risk

8e−06

2.775 (1.779–4.328)

0.4696

1.149 (0.789−1.672)

Signature 3

 High- versus low-risk

<  2e−16

1.581 (1.488–1.679)

0.0283

1.121 (1.012–1.242)

Signature 4

 High- versus low-risk

0.00278

1.023 (1.008–1.038)

0.5823

1.004 (0.9901–1.018)