Table 2 Potential intervertebral disc degeneration-associated proteins
From: RIPK1 suppresses apoptosis mediated by TNF and caspase-3 in intervertebral discs
| Gene name | Official full name | Relevance to IVD disease | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| BCL2 | BCL2, apoptosis regulator | NP apoptosis, IVD degeneration | [39] |
| BMP1 | Bone morphogenetic protein 1 | OA, osteoblast, osteoclast activities | [40, 41] |
| EGFR | Epidermal growth factor receptor | IVD degeneration, OA, joint disease/arthritic joints, meniscal injury, post-traumatic OA, articular cartilage, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) | [42,43,44,45,46,47] |
| ERBB2 | Erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 | IVD degeneration, arthritis, RA | [48,49,50] |
| ESR1 | Estrogen receptor 1 | Osteoporosis, OA, IVD degeneration | [51,52,53] |
| FGF2 | Fibroblast growth factor 2 | IVD degeneration, disc/bone regeneration, OA | [54,55,56] |
| IGF1 | Insulin like growth factor 1 | IVD, OA, bone formation and growth, bone mineral density | [57,58,59,60] |
| LCK | LCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase | RA | [61] |
| MMP1 | Matrix metallopeptidase 1 | Arthritis, IVD, OA, articular cartilage | [62,63,64,65] |
| MMP13 | Matrix metallopeptidase 13 | Arthritis, OA, IVD degeneration, OA, chondrocytes | [63, 64, 66,67,68] |
| MMP2 | Matrix metallopeptidase 2 | IVD, bone mineralization, joint erosion and defects, OA, RA | [40, 67, 69, 70] |
| MMP3 | Matrix metallopeptidase 3 | Cervical spondylosis, IVD degeneration, OA | [63, 71, 72] |
| MMP7 | Matrix metallopeptidase 7 | Arthritis, IVD, OA | [73,74,75] |
| MMP9 | Matrix metallopeptidase 9 | Arthritis, IVD, RA, OA | [67, 70, 76, 77] |
| NFKB1 | Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit | OA, IVD degeneration, cervical spondylosis, bone development, osteoporosis | [71, 78,79,80,81] |
| NGF | Nerve growth factor | IVD, OA, bone injury | [82,83,84] |
| PDPK1 | 3-Phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase 1 | None | |
| PPP5C | Protein phosphatase 5 catalytic subunit | None | |
| PTGR1 | Prostaglandin reductase 1 | None | |
| RIPK1 | Receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 1 | IVD, arthritis, bone marrow necroptosis | [85,86,87] |
| SRC | Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src | Chondrocytes, bone marrow, osteoclast, OA | [88,89,90,91] |
| STAT3 | Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 | Bone defect healing, OA, IVD, articular chondrocytes | [92,93,94,95] |
| TGFB1 | Transforming growth factor beta 1 | OA | [96] |
| TGFBR1 | Transforming growth factor beta receptor 1 | OA, articular cartilage | [97, 98] |
| UBC | Ubiquitin C | IVD, bone destruction and pathologic fracture | [99, 100] |
| WASL | Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome like | Bone loss or osteoporosis | [101] |
