Fig. 7
The working model of ZCCHC13 in HCC carcinogenesis. ZCCHC13 promoter hypomethylation increases the levels of its mRNA and protein in normal liver tissues. Then, ZCCHC13 overexpression aberrantly stimulates the activation of the PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways, upregulating the expression of the downstream component c-MYC. Finally, cell cycle progression is enhanced through the G1 and G2 checkpoints, which speed entry into mitosis in the presence of the c-MYC-linked kinases CDK1 and CDK4