Fig. 4

Establishment of a permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model and expression of vWF and Ang-1 in ischemic brain penumbra of rats. a Schematic diagram of the internal carotid artery (ICA), external carotid artery (ECA) and common carotid artery (CCA). b Infarction volume on the first day after ischemic stroke. TTC staining of brain slices in the MCAO and sham groups is presented. c Schematic diagram of Horner’s syndrome in rat. Horner’s syndrome is characterized by partial ptosis (a weak, droopy eyelid) that occurs on the same side (ipsilateral) as the lesion of the sympathetic trunk in rat. d–g Immunohistochemistry staining of vWF and Ang-1 is shown, and positive signals were analysed on day 28. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD. **p < 0.01. The experiment was repeated 3 times, and representative pictures are shown. Scale bar, 200 μm