Table 1 Clinical and biochemical characteristics of patients with ischemic heart disease according to the presence of type-2 diabetes mellitus and control group
Variables | IHD-T2DM (n = 23) | IHD-NoT2DM (n = 22) | Control (n = 23) | P value* | P value** | P value*** | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 64.2 ± 10.1 | 65 ± 10.8 | 62 ± 10 | 0.451 | 0.302 | 0.196 | 0.298 |
Male gender | 18 (78.3%) | 18 (81.8%) | 15 (65.2%) | 0.530 | 0.257 | 0.257 | 0.467 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 28.6 ± 4.6 | 28.5 ± 4.5 | 27.8 ± 4.1 | 0.734 | 0.675 | 0.410 | 0.689 |
Smoking | 17 (73.9%) | 16 (72.7%) | 12 (52.2%) | 0.545 | 0.352 | 0.373 | 0.498 |
Obesity | 13 (56.5%) | 11 (50%) | 10 (43.4%) | 0.362 | 0.197 | 0.456 | 0.241 |
Hypertension | 20 (86.9%) | 18 (81.8%) | 17 (74%) | 0.314 | 0.176 | 0.422 | 0.217 |
Dyslipidemia | 19 (82.6%) | 18 (81.8%) | 16 (69.6%) | 0.574 | 0.117 | 0.176 | 0.196 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 2 (8.7%) | 1 (4.5%) | 2 (8.7%) | 0.500 | 0.744 | 0.482 | 0.485 |
Cardiovascular disease history | 23 (100%) | 22(100%) | 2 (8.7%) | 0.687 | 0.035 | 0.040 | 0.048 |
Cardiovascular disease family history | 6 (26.1%) | 3 (13.6%) | 1 (4.3%) | 0.146 | 0.078 | 0.357 | 0.176 |
Left ventricular ejection fraction (%) | 55 ± 6 | 53 ± 6 | 52 ± 6 | 0.352 | 0.146 | 0.397 | 0.284 |
Left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 40% | 5 (21.7%) | 4 (18.2%) | 4 (17.4%) | 0.112 | 0.115 | 0.651 | 0.209 |
Framinghan score | 14.4 ± 8.1 | 16.8 ± 9.5 | 9.6 ± 5.8 | 0.546 | 0.112 | 0.048 | 0.093 |
Medications, n (%) | |||||||
Statin | 12 (52.2) | 8 (36.4) | 9 (39.1) | 0.354 | 0.346 | 0.850 | 0.423 |
ACEI/ARB | 10 (43.4) | 5 (22.7) | 6 (26.1) | 0.231 | 0.205 | 0.796 | 0.215 |
Beta-blocker | 14 (60.9) | 8 (36.4) | 15 (65.2) | 0.129 | 0.922 | 0.076 | 0.095 |
Biochemical data | |||||||
Glucose (mg/dL) | 167 ± 31 | 100 ± 29 | 100 ± 29 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.919 | < 0.001 |
HbA1c (%) | 7.9 ± 1 | 5.7 ± 0.5 | 5.5 ± 0.5 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.186 | < 0.001 |
Insulin (μIU/mL) | 19.6 ± 15 | 7 ± 4.4 | 9.4 ± 5 | 0.133 | 0.215 | 0.500 | 0.187 |
HOMA-IR | 10.3 ± 8.3 | 1.7 ± 1 | 2.5 ± 1.6 | 0.133 | 0.111 | 0.527 | 0.111 |
Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 163 ± 31 | 157 ± 28 | 150 ± 29 | 0.641 | 0.108 | 0.158 | 0.199 |
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 101 ± 21 | 99 ± 19 | 103 ± 21 | 0.910 | 0.925 | 0.970 | 0.899 |
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 34 ± 6 | 41 ± 9 | 44 ± 9 | 0.033 | 0.001 | 0.427 | 0.004 |
Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 189 ± 59 | 169 ± 41 | 148 ± 40 | 0.202 | 0.004 | 0.133 | 0.014 |
ApoB-100/ApoA-1 | 0.523 ± 0.101 | 0.743 ± 0.230 | 0.757 ± 0.240 | 0.267 | 0.222 | 0.998 | 0.287 |
OxLDL (units/L) | 63.4 ± 10 | 54.4 ± 5.3 | 51.0 ± 8.6 | 0.118 | 0.033 | 0.472 | 0.081 |
LRP1 (ng/mL) | 0.925 ± 0.438 | 0.677 ± 0.493 | 0.789 ± 0.267 | 0.093 | 0.036 | 0.257 | 0.067 |
CRP (mg/dL) | 71.6 ± 42 | 27.3 ± 19 | 19.2 ± 22 | 0.138 | 0.056 | 0.354 | 0.104 |
Characteristics of coronary disease | |||||||
Multivessel coronary disease | 19 (82.6%) | 13 (59.1%) | 0.01 | ||||
> 50% stenosis LMA | 16 (69.6%) | 10 (45.5%) | 0.01 | ||||
> 50% stenosis ADA | 22 (95.7%) | 16 (72.7%) | 0.01 | ||||
> 50% stenosis CA | 18 (78.3%) | 13 (59.1%) | 0.01 | ||||
> 50% stenosis RCA | 19 (85.6%) | 14 (63.6%) | 0.01 | ||||
Gensini score | 45 ± 14 | 34 ± 12 | < 0.001 | ||||