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Table 3 Macrophage marker expression ratios (CD163/CD68, CD11c/CD68, CD163/CD11c) in OLP (group 1 and 2), OSCC (group 3) and healthy oral mucosa (group 4)

From: Malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia is associated with macrophage polarization

a) Macrophage expression ratios epithelial

Ratio

n

CD163/CD68

CD11c/CD68

CD163/CD11c

Median

SD

Median

SD

Median

SD

Group

 1: transforming OLP

50

0.27

0.70

0.32

2.09

0.39

0.84

 2: non-transforming OLP

53

0.00

2.20

0.12

0.81

0.00

0.82

 3: OSCC

49

0.72

4.48

0.48

7.44

1.21

7.06

 4: controls, healthy mucosa

49

0.29

1.67

0.68

3.76

0.26

5.93

p-values

 Group 1 vs. 2

0.009

0.272

0.007

 Group 1 vs. 3

<0.001

0.269

<0.001

 Group 1 vs. 4

0.644

0.064

0.352

 Group 2 vs. 4

0.230

0.007

0.097

 Group 3 vs. 4

0.014

0.300

<0.001

 Group 2 vs. 3

<0.001

0.024

<0.001

b) Macrophage expression ratios subepithelial

Ratio

n

CD163/CD68

CD11c/CD68

CD163/CD11c

Median

SD

Median

SD

Median

SD

Group

 1: transforming OLP

50

0.62

1.06

0.12

0.39

2.43

6.00

 2: non-transforming OLP

53

1.63

2.29

0.24

0.50

3.62

10.77

 3: OSCC

49

2.08

3.72

0.65

0.83

3.62

11.03

 4: controls, healthy mucosa

49

0.75

1.56

0.07

0.18

8.14

20.21

p-values

 Group 1 vs. 2

< 0.001

0.060

0.102

 Group 1 vs. 3

< 0.001

< 0.001

0.546

 Group 1 vs. 4

0.452

0.025

0.005

 Group 2 vs. 4

0.007

< 0.001

0.259

 Group 3 vs. 4

0.002

< 0.001

0.020

 Group 2 vs. 3

0.665

0.013

0.233

  1. CD163/CD68 ratio and CD163/CD11c ratio can be considered as indicators for M2 polarization of macrophages, while the CD11c/CD68 ratio represents an indicator for the extent of M1 polarization. Data for the epithelial compartment (a) and the subepithelial compartment (b) are given. Values represent median, standard deviation (SD) and p-value (Mann–Whitney-U test, SPSS 22)