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Table 1 Different protein expression (A), miRNA expression (B), epigenetic changes (C) and mutations (D) between the primary tumor and their brain metastasis

From: Tumor microenvironment differences between primary tumor and brain metastases

  1. PD-1 programmed cell death protein 1, PDL-1 programmed death-ligand 1, EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor, Her-2 human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, A.R. androgen receptor, E.R. estrogen receptor, P.R. progesterone receptor, PTEN phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase, TOP2A DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha, TOPO1 topoisomerase I, ERCC1 repair protein by excision of the cross-complementation group 1, cMET tyrosine-protein kinase Met, RRM1 ribonucleotide reductase catalytic subunit M1, TS thymidylate synthetase, GABA-R γ-aminobutyric acid, TrkB tropomyosin receptor kinase B, P75NTR neurotrophin receptor p75, STAT3 signal transducer and transcription activator 3, GAD-1 glutamate decarboxylase 1, MALAT-1 metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1, DNMT1 DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1, DNMT3B DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3B, MGMT O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase, BRAF B-Raf protein gene, ABL-1 serum albumin 1, EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor gene, KRAS K-ras protein gene, PIK3CA phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic, NRAS N-ras protein gene, TP53 p53 protein gene, BRCA1 breast cancer type-1, BRCA-2 Breast cancer type-2 [2, 10, 21, 22, 24,25,26, 28, 32,33,34,35,36,37,38, 42, 43, 45, 46, 50]