Table 1 Results of renal histopathological examination in patients with LCDD
From: The pathogenesis of renal injury and treatment in light chain deposition disease
| Â | Light microscopy (LM) | Immuno-fluorescence (IF) | Electron microscopy (EM) |
|---|---|---|---|
Glomerular | Mild to moderate nodular mesangial expansion | Linear, either kappa or lambda, LC restricted staining of glomerular, negative for IgG, IgA, IgM, and C3 | Dark powdery electron dense deposits along the inner aspects of glomerular basement membranes, or nodular glomerulosclerosis with abundant powdery to vaguely organized electron dense deposits in the expanded and condensed mesangium |
Tubular | Thickening and wrinkling of the tubular basement membranes | Monotypic LC (mostly κ) fixation along tubular basement membranes, negative for IgG, IgA, IgM, and C3 | Linear punctate to powdery deposits along tubular basement membranes |
The small arterioles | Focal irregular thickening of the capillary walls | Strong LC staining along the peritubular capillary, negative for IgG, IgA, IgM, and C3 | Diffuse subendothelial linear punctate to powdery deposits with mostly preserved the capillary walls |