Fig. 1

Haemodynamic regulation of the activation and nuclear localisation of YAP/TAZ in HUVECs. a Western blot analysis of VCAM1, ICAM1, and YAP/TAZ subjected to USS (unidirectional shear stress), disturbed flow (DF), or static (STA) control. The histograms show quantitative protein levels. Data are presented as mean ± SD from triplicate experiments, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 vs. STA. b Western blot analysis of p-YAP and YAP in HUVECs subjected to DF for the indicated time. *p < 0.05, ****p < 0.0001 vs. control. c Immunofluorescence staining of p-YAP and YAP in HUVECs subjected to different flow patterns. YAP (red) and p-YAP (green) were visualised by immunostaining; nuclei were counterstained with propidium iodide (PI, blue). The graphic data are the YAP intensity ratios (nuclear/cytoplasmic) of cells randomly selected from three independent experiments. *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001 vs. STA. d Representative images of THP1 cell (blue) adhesion to HUVECs for different flows (×50)