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Table 2 Clinical characteristics of the study participants

From: N-glycosylation patterns of plasma proteins and immunoglobulin G in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

 

Cohort #1 (discovery)

Cohort #2 (replication)

Control

COPD

p

Control

COPD

p

N

95

137

 

148

61

 

Sex

 Males (N)

49 (52%)

86 (63%

0.105

52 (35%)

41 (67%)

< 0.001

 Females (N)

46 (48%)

51 (37%)

 

96 (65%)

20 (33%)

 

Age (years)

64 (58–67)

65 (59–72)

0.050

49 (45–57)

63 (59–72)

< 0.001

GOLD classification (N)a

 1

 

0 (0%)

  

11 (18%)

 

 2

 

48 (35%)

  

23 (38%)

 

 3

 

49 (36%)

  

18 (30%)

 

 4

 

40 (29%)

  

9 (15%)

 

 A

 

66 (48%)

  

13 (21%)

 

 B

 

31 (23%)

  

21 (34%)

 

 C

 

7 (5%)

  

5 (8%)

 

 D

 

33 (24%)

  

22 (36%)

 

Exacerbations in the past 12 months (N)

 None

 

38 (28%)

  

31 (51%)

 

 One

 

59 (43%)

  

21 (34%)

 

 Two or more

 

40 (29%)

  

9 (15%)

 

Smoking (N)

 Non-smokers

48 (51%)

10 (7%)

 

65 (44%)

5 (8%)

< 0.001

 Smokers

47 (49%)

37 (27%)

 

56 (38%)

43 (70%)

 

 Ex-smokers

0 (0%)

90 (66%)

< 0.001

27 (18%)

13 (22%)

 

hsCRP (mg/l)

2.02 (0.74–2.76)

2.49 (1.27–5.47)

< 0.001

1.10 (0.60–2.50)

2.20 (1.10–5.50)

< 0.001

Fibrinogen (g/l)

3.50 (3.10–3.80)

3.80 (3.40–4.30)

< 0.001

3.20 (2.55–3.70)

3.80 (3.50–4.20)

< 0.001

FVC (l)

3.35 (2.78–4.16)

2.28 (1.81–2.77)

< 0.001

3.77 (3.31–4.66)

3.33 (2.58–3.78)

< 0.001

FEV1 (l)

2.60 (2.12–3.17)

1.08 (0.78–1.57)

< 0.001

2.96 (2.60–3.62)

1.49 (1.17–1.92)

< 0.001

FEV1/FVC (%)

80.6 (76.9–87.4)

48.2 (41.1–58.2)

< 0.001

79.1 (76.7–82.4)

50.6 (39.3–61.7)

< 0.001

  1. Data are presented as median (interquartile range) for continuous variables and N (%) for categorical variables. Wilcoxon rank-sum test was applied to compare groups for continuous data, while the differences of frequencies for categorical variables were tested using the Fisher’s exact test. The p-value < 0.05 was considered significant
  2. FVC: forced vital capacity; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; hsCRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein
  3. a ABCD assessment tool is based on the Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) questionnaire