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Table 2 Baseline characteristics of EV-positive patients grouped by their CCR5 genotype

From: CCR5del32 genotype in human enteroviral cardiomyopathy leads to spontaneous virus clearance and improved outcome compared to wildtype CCR5

 

CCR5del32 hetero- or homozygous (n = 20)

CCR5 wildtype (n = 77)

p-value

Clinical classification*

 EV persistence [n (%)]

0 (0.0)

23 (29.8)

0.003

 EV clearance [n (%)]

20 (100.0)

22 (28.5)

< 0.001

 EV + IFN [n (%)]

0 (0.0)

32 (41.5)

< 0.001

 Endpoint of death [n (%)]a

0 (0.0)

15 (19.48)

0.036

Clinical baseline parameters#

 Age (years ± SD)

49 ± 13

51 ± 14

0.541

 Male [n (%)]

14 (70.0)

52 (67.5)

0.831

 NYHA I/II/III/IV (%)

30/50/10/10

10/52/36/2

0.237

 EF at baseline (% ± SD)

62 ± 12

48 ± 19

0.006

 LVEDD (mm ± SD)

51 ± 9

57 ± 10

0.022

 LVEDS (mm ± SD)

41 ± 13

44 ± 12

0.387

 Palpitations (%)

66.7

50.1

0.390

 Arrhythmias (%)

42.9

36.4

0.747

 AVB (%)

0.0

10.4

0.348

 RBBB (%)

12.5

4.3

0.352

 LBBB (%)

25.0

12.8

0.374

 Syncopies (%)

11.1

9.4

0.878

 Diabetes (%)

20.0

15.5

0.727

 Glycosides (%)

25.0

21.2

0.776

 Diuretics (%)

62.5

63.9

0.920

 Β-blocker (%)

53.8

66.0

0.630

 ACE (%)

50.0

76.0

0.077

 Cumarin (%)

8.3

22.0

0.667

 Antiarrhythmics (%)

0.0

18.8

0.193

 Pacemaker/ICD (%)

0.0/0.0

6.1/2.0

0.425

  1. IFN-β interferon-β, NYHA New York Heart Association Functional Classification, EF ejection fraction, LVEDD left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, LVEDS left ventricular end-systolic diameter, AVB atrioventricular block, RBBB right bundle branch block, LBBB left bundle branch block, ACE angiotensin-converting-enzyme, ICD implantable cardioverter-defibrillator
  2. Statistical analysis for p-values by *Fishers’s exact test and #Student’s t-test
  3. aAll patients who met the endpoint of death had persisting enterovirus and no IFN-β therapy