Fig. 5

High endogenous IFN-γ levels were associated with a reduced DAS28 value in RA patients. a Peak IFN-γ level before and 4 weeks after MSCT for the response and no-response groups; b ratio of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs to CD4+IL-17A+ Th17 cells levels for CD4+ T cells for the Before and After subgroups of the response group; c serum interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels for the Before and After subgroups of the response group; d serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels for the Before and After subgroups of the response group; e serum interleukin 10 (IL-10) levels for the Before and After subgroups of the response group; f correlation between ∆DAS28 [DAS28 (12 weeks after MSCT) − DAS28 (before MSCT)] and ∆IFN-γ (IFN-γ peak before and 12 weeks after MSCT) for the response and no-response groups. *P < 0.05, versus the previous time. The error bars indicate the SEM. Before: subgroup of the response group with increased IFN-γ before MSCT (n = 12); After: subgroup of the response group with increased IFN-γ after MSCT (n = 16)