Table 2 Success engraftment rate of bone and soft tissue sarcoma PDXs models
From: Patient-derived xenograft models in musculoskeletal malignancies
First author/year | Take rate | Take time (weeks) | Host mouse | Tissue source (P/M) | Grade | Previous treatment | Tissue origin (B/SR) | Site (SC/OT) | Tissue size | PDX validation method |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Osteosarcoma | ||||||||||
 Ishii 1982 [38] | 24/30 (80%) | 2–12 w | BALB/c nude | NA | NA | NA | NA | SC | 0.5 ml fine consistency | Histology |
 Bauer 1986 [12] | 14/25 (56%) | NA | BALB/c nude | NA | III(5)/IV(9) | NA | SR | SC | 1–2 mm³ | Histology Flow cytometry |
 Meyer 1990 [14] | 8/33 (24.2%) | 4 w | CBA/Caj* | P(7)/M(1) | NA | N | SR | SC | 2–4 mm³ | Histology flow cytometry |
 Fujisaki 1995 [71] | 21/34 (62%) | NA | Nude | NA | NA | NA | SR/Bp | SC | 0.5 ml fine consistency | NA |
 Bruheim 2004 [72] | 11/55 (20%) | NA | BALB/c nude | P(7)/M(4) | II(1)/III(2)/IV(8) | Cm(6)/N(5) | SR(6)/Bp(5) | SC | 2 × 2 × 2 mm | Histology |
 Monsma 2012 [45] | 3/3 (100%) | NA | Nude | NA | III(3) | NA | SR | SC | Long axis ≤ 3 mm | Histology |
 Kresse 2012 [21] | 9/NA | NA | BALB/c nude | P(7)/M(2) | IV(9) | NA | SR | SC | 1–2 mm³ | Genomic |
 Stewart 2017 [22] | 15/31 (49%) | NA | NSG | P(8)/M(7) | NA | Cm(9)/N(6) | SR | OT(femur) | 1 × 105 cells | Genomic |
Ewing sarcoma | ||||||||||
 Monsma 2012 [45] | 2/3 (67%) | NA | nu/nu nude | NA | NA | NA | SR | SC | Long axis ≤ 3 mm | Histology |
 Izumchenko 2014 [50] | 3/3 (100%) | NA | nu/nu nude | NA | NA | NA | SR | SC | 4 mm³ | Histology |
 Stewart 2017 [22] | 2/7 (28%) | NA | NSG | P(2)/M(0) | NA | Cm(1)/N(1) | SR | OT(femur) | 1 × 105 cells | Histology/genomic |
Bone and soft tissue sarcoma | ||||||||||
 Hajdu 1981 [32] | 37/60 (62%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 LPS | 5/5 (100%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 LMS | 4/9 (44.4%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 SS | 6/6 (100%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 UPS | 6/10 (60%) | NA | Nude | P(18)/M(19) | NA | NA | SR | SC | Fine consistency | Histology |
 FBS | 6/14 (42.8%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 AGS | 3/6 (50%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 MPN ST | 5/6 (83.3%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 NOS | 2/4 (50%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 Houghton 1982 [11] | 6/11 (54.5%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 RMS | 6/11 (54.5%) | NA | CBA/Caj* | NA | NA | NA | SR/Bp | SC | 4 mm³ | Histology |
 Boven 1998 [49] | 10/21 (48%) | NA | Nude | P(5)/M(5) | NA | NA | SR | SC | 2–3 mm diameter | Histology |
 Hoffmann 1999 [73] | 31/82 (37.8%) | NA | Nude | NA | NA | NA | SR | SC | 5 × 5 mm | Histology |
 Monsma 2012 [45] | 2/4 (50%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 RMS | 1/3 (33%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 LMS | 1/0 (0) | NA | Nude | NA | NA | NA | SR | SC | Long axis ≤ 3 mm | Histology |
 SS | 1/1 (100%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 Izumchenko 2014 [50] | 18/25 (72%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 RMS | 3/4 (75%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 LPS | 4/5 (80%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 LMS | 2/2 (100%) | 6–24 w | nu/nu nude | NA | NA | NA | SR | SC | 4 mm³ | Histology |
 SS | 1/2 (50%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 SCS | 2/4 (50%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 NOS | 6/8 (75%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 Stewart 2017 [22] | 22/31 (70.9%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 RMS | 14/20 (70%) |  |  | P(6)/M(8) |  | Cm(4)/N(10) |  |  |  |  |
 SS | 1/2 (50%) |  |  | P(1)/M(0) |  | Cm(1)/N(1) |  |  |  |  |
 HGS | 5/6 (83.3%) | NA | NSG | P(3)/M(2) | NA | Cm(2)/N(3) | SR | OT(femur) | 1 × 105 cells | Histology/genomic |
 EPS | 2/3 (67%) |  |  | P(1)/M(1) |  | Cm(0)/N(2) |  |  |  |  |