Variables | Overall survival (OS) | Progression-free survival (PFS) | Locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRFFS) | Distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HR (95% CI)a | P value | HR (95% CI)a | P value | HR (95% CI)a | P value | HR (95% CI)a | P value | |
Age | ||||||||
 ≤ 60 | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  |
 > 60 | 1.538 (0.882–2.681) | 0.129 | 1.427 (0.197–10.338) | 0.725 | 0.782 (0.355–1.723) | 0.541 | 2.035 (1.147–3.611) | 0.015 |
Sex | ||||||||
 Male | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  |
 Female | 1.980 (0.271–14.445) | 0.500 | 1.467 (0.202–10.632) | 0.705 | 2.782 (0.377–20.549) | 0.316 | 1.963 (0.269–14.322) | 0.506 |
Smoking history | ||||||||
 No | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  |
 Yes | 1.480 (0.746–2.934) | 0.262 | 1.460 (0.796–2.677) | 0.221 | 1.385 (0.606–3.166) | 0.440 | 0.910 (0.482–1.716) | 0.770 |
Alcohol history | ||||||||
 No | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  |
 Yes | 0.950 (0.546–1.654) | 0.857 | 1.029 (0.617–1.715) | 0.914 | 1.837 (0.837–4.035) | 0.130 | 0.744 (0.418–1.322) | 0.313 |
Tumor differentiation | ||||||||
 Well/moderate | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  |
 Poor | 1.143 (0.659–1.981) | 0.634 | 1.131 (0.680–1.881) | 0.635 | 0.940 (0.461–1.913) | 0.864 | 1.376 (0.771–2.456) | 0.280 |
Primary tumor site | ||||||||
 Pyriform sinus | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  |
 Posterior wall/postcricoid | 3.652 (1.885–7.077) | 0.000 | 3.274 (1.789–5.994) | 0.000 | 4.508 (2.075–9.793) | 0.000 | 2.451 (1.168–5.141) | 0.018 |
pT classificationb | ||||||||
 T1–T2 | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  |
 T3–T4 | 1.643 (0.963–2.802) | 0.068 | 1.906 (1.171–3.102) | 0.009 | 3.258 (1.687–6.294) | 0.000 | 1.452 (0.811–2.598) | 0.209 |
pN classificationb | ||||||||
 N0 | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  |
 N1–N3 | 1.242 (0.561–2.747) | 0.593 | 1.416 (0.676–2.966) | 0.357 | 0.613 (0.279–1.348) | 0.224 | 4.701 (1.141–19.380) | 0.032 |
pTNM stagingb | ||||||||
 I–II | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  |
 III–IV | 1.699 (0.678–4.262) | 0.258 | 1.819 (0.785–4.212) | 0.163 | 1.060 (0.412–2.729) | 0.904 | 4.217 (1.023–17.378) | 0.046 |
No. of metastatic LN | ||||||||
 ≤ 3 | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  |
 > 3 | 1.479 (0.780–2.807) | 0.231 | 1.463 (0.822–2.606) | 0.196 | 1.000 (0.415–2.406) | 0.999 | 2.168 (1.161–4.046) | 0.015 |
LND | ||||||||
 ≤ 0.06 | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  |
 > 0.06 | 1.886 (1.107–3.214) | 0.020 | 2.010 (1.236–3.268) | 0.005 | 1.319 (0.686–2.537) | 0.406 | 3.020 (1.661–5.493) | 0.000 |
ECS of LN | ||||||||
 Negative | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  |
 Positive | 2.222 (1.243–3.971) | 0.007 | 1.710 (0.974–3.000) | 0.062 | 1.026 (0.427–2.468) | 0.954 | 2.102 (1.114–3.967) | 0.022 |
Surgical margin | ||||||||
 Negative | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  |
 Positive | 3.695 (1.656–8.244) | 0.001 | 2.374 (1.078–5.228) | 0.032 | 3.466 (1.336–8.991) | 0.011 | 1.853 (0.662–5.191) | 0.240 |
Perineural invasion | ||||||||
 Negative | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  |
 Positive | 1.645 (0.775–3.491) | 0.195 | 1.133 (0.540–2.376) | 0.741 | 0.520 (0.12402.169) | 0.369 | 1.231 (0.523–2.900) | 0.634 |
Lymphovascular invasion | ||||||||
 Negative | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  |
 Positive | 1.779 (0.951–3.328) | 0.071 | 1.406 (0.778–2.542) | 0.259 | 0.483 (0.148–1.581) | 0.229 | 1.564 (0.795–3.075) | 0.195 |
Adjuvant treatment | ||||||||
 No | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  |
 RT alone | 2.584 (0.620–10.770) | 0.192 | 3.098 (0.745–12.884) | 0.120 | 1.944 (0.461–8.193) | 0.365 | 4.177 (0.567–30.747) | 0.160 |
 CRT | 2.125 (0.490–9.212) | 0.314 | 3.301 (0.777–14.015) | 0.105 | 0.884 (0.188–4.170) | 0.877 | 4.830 (0.644–36.237) | 0.126 |
PNI | ||||||||
 > 52.0 | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |  |
 ≤ 52.0 | 2.804 (1.529–5.140) | 0.001 | 2.202 (1.313–3.693) | 0.003 | 2.526 (1.217–5.241) | 0.013 | 2.177 (1.185–4.000) | 0.012 |