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Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analysis of recurrence (HR) of some histopathological features of patients with nodular melanoma (NM) and superficial spreading melanomas (SSMs)

From: Clinicopathological predictors of recurrence in nodular and superficial spreading cutaneous melanoma: a multivariate analysis of 214 cases

 

Recurrence

Univariate

Multivariatec

Yes (N. 53)

No (N. 161)

HR (95% CI)a

HR (95% CI)a

Diagnosis

 SSMs

14 (26.4)

104 (64.6)

1b

1b

 NM

39 (73.6)

57 (35.4)

4.09 (2.22–7.53)

1.62 (0.77–3.39)

 χ2 1: p value

  

p < 0.0001

p = 0.2016

Thickness (mm)

 ≤ 1

7 (13.2)

74 (46.0)

1b

1b

 1.01–2.00

7 (13.2)

39 (24.2)

2.07 (0.72–5.89)

1.55 (0.51–4.71)

 2.01–4.00

28 (52.8)

38 (23.6)

5.85 (2.55–13.41)

2.42 (0.89–6.54)

 > 4.00

11 (20.8)

10 (6.2)

7.45 (2.89–19.22)

3.13 (0.95–10.28)

 χ2 1 trend: p value

  

p < 0.0001

p = 0.0456

Ulceration

 Absent

29 (54.7)

113 (70.2)

1b

1b

 Present

24 (45.3)

37 (23.0)

2.10 (1.22–3.61)

0.74 (0.40–1.39)

 Unknown

–

11 (6.8)

  

 χ2 1: p value

  

p = 0.0073

p = 0.3513

Regression

 Absent

37 (69.8)

95 (59.0)

12

 

 Present

16 (30.2)

54 (33.5)

0.81 (0.45–1.45)

 

 Unknown

–

12 (7.5)

  

 χ2 1: p value

  

p = 0.4687

 

Mitoses (n/mm2)

 ≤ 2

13 (24.5)

104 (64.6)

1b

1b

 > 2

37 (69.8)

47 (29.2)

4.75 (2.52–8.94)

2.34 (1.11–4.97)

 Unknown

3 (5.7)

10 (6.2)

  

 χ2 1: p value

  

p < 0.0001

p = 0.0263

TILd

 Absent

21 (39.6)

42 (26.1)

1b

 

 Brisk

9 (17.0)

32 (19.9)

0.62 (0.29–1.36)

 

 Non-Brisk

22 (41.5)

72 (44.7)

0.64 (0.35–1.16)

 

 Unknown

1 (1.9)

15 (9.3)

  

 χ2 1 trend: p value

  

p = 0.1527

 

Lymph nodes sentinel

 No suggest

15 (28.3)

81 (50.3)

1b

1b

 Yes-negative

16 (30.2)

66 (41.0)

1.14 (0.56–2.31)

0.77 (0.35–1.69)

 Yes-positive

22 (41.5)

14 (8.7)

5.24 (2.71–10.13)

2.60 (1.19–5.68)

 χ2 1 trend: p value

  

p < 0.0001

p = 0.0073

  1. aHazard ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI)
  2. bReference category
  3. cModel including all significant terms in the univariate analysis
  4. dTumor infiltrating lymphocytes