Table 1 Characteristics of TOF patients with (TOF-HF) and without symptomatic right heart failure (TOF-noHF)
Variables | Controls (n = 15) | All patients (n = 37) | TOF-noHF (n = 34) | TOF-HF (n = 3) | P value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age at follow-up (years) | 30.2 ± 10.8 | 30.2 ± 10.8 | 29.9 ± 10.7 | 33.0 ± 13.9 | NS |
Follow-up time (years) | – | 24.8 ± 8.9 | 25.1 ± 8.1 | 24.7 ± 17.7 | NS |
Age at primary corrective surgery (years) | – | 4.9 ± 3.5 | 4.6 ± 3.5 | 8.0 ± 2.6 | 0.079 |
Prior BT shunt (%) | – | 20/37 (54.1) | 19/34 (55.9) | 1/3 (33.3) | NS |
Presence of pulmonary bioprosthetic valve or homograft (%) | – | 15/37 (40.5) | 14/34 (41.2) | 1/3 (33.3) | NS |
Presence of moderate to severe residual pulmonary regurgitation (%) | – | 8/37 (21.6) | 6/34 (17.6) | 2/3 (66.7) | NS |
Residual peak systolic pressure gradient across RVOT >40 mmHg (%) | – | 11/37 (29.7) | 10/34 (29.4) | 1/3 (33.3) | NS |
NYHA functional class | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.3 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 2.7 ± 0.6 | <0.001 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 119.7 ± 10.8 | 122.2 ± 13.2 | 122.7 ± 13.7 | 115.7 ± 2.5 | NS |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 66.7 ± 6.2 | 70.4 ± 8.4 | 70.0 ± 8.6 | 75.0 ± 3.6 | NS |
Transcutaneous oxygen saturation at rest (%) | 98.1 ± 1.1 | 97.7 ± 1.4 | 97.7 ± 1.4 | 97.3 ± 1.5 | NS |
Presence of any medication such as β-blocker, ACE inhibitor/AT1 blocker or diuretics (%) | – | 14/37 (37.8) | 11/34 (32.2) | 3/3 (100.0) | 0.047 |
Ejection fraction of RV (%) | 62.9 ± 3.7 | 53.5 ± 8.5 | 55.5 ± 5.9 | 33.3 ± 2.3 | 0.005 |
Enddiastolic volume of RV (ml/m2 BSA) | 28.7 ± 8.5 | 61.8 ± 29.2 | 55.9 ± 22.3 | 122.4 ± 23.9 | 0.007 |
Endsystolic volume of RV (ml/m2 BSA) | 10.6 ± 3.35 | 30.6 ± 21.1 | 25.5 ± 12.2 | 84.1 ± 21.4 | 0.006 |
Ejection fraction of LV (%) | 62.6 ± 3.2 | 58.4 ± 9.9 | 60.6 ± 6.0 | 33.1 ± 11.8 | 0.005 |
Enddiastolic volume of LV (ml/m2 BSA) | 62.5 ± 13.9 | 58.5 ± 17.3 | 56.0 ± 14.4 | 87.0 ± 25.0 | 0.014 |
Endsystolic volume of LV (ml/m2 BSA) | 23.5 ± 6.0 | 27.2 ± 13.0 | 24.5 ± 8.1 | 57.9 ± 20.3 | 0.005 |
VTI above aortic valve (cm) | 27.4 ± 3.5 | 22.6 ± 4.6 | 23.4 ± 3.8 | 14.0 ± 3.6 | 0.008 |
Creatinine (mg/dl) | ND | 0.83 (0.69–0.90) | 0.82 (0.69–0.88) | 0.92 (0.70–1.36) | NS |
Estimated glomerular filtration rate (ml/min) | ND | 106.2 ± 19.8 | 107.8 ± 15.6 | 89.4 ± 49.6 | NS |
NT-proBNP (pg/ml) | ND | 146.0 (74.8–236.2) | 139.6 (65.6–215.2) | 1747.0 (1531.0–2939.5) | 0.005 |
High sensitive troponin T (pg/ml) | ND | 4.5 (3.0–6.0) | 4.0 (3.0–6.0) | 6.0 (6.0–9.5) | 0.057 |