Skip to main content

Table 2 Risk factors for survival: outcome is all-cause mortality and nasopharyngeal carcinoma specific mortality

From: Benefits of local tumor excision and pharyngectomy on the survival of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients: a retrospective observational study based on SEER database

Variables

Levela

All-cause mortality

Cancer-specific mortality

Univariate Cox regression

Multivariate Cox regression

Univariate Cox regression

Multivariate Cox regression

Hazard ratio (95% CI)

p value

Hazard ratio (95% CI)

p value

Hazard ratio (95% CI)

p value

Hazard ratio (95% CI)

p value

Age

 

1.040 (1.036, 1.043)

<0.0001

1.036 (1.027, 1.045)

<0.0001

1.041 (1.036, 1.046)

<0.0001

1.033 (1.021, 1.045)

<0.0001

Sex

Male

1.184 (1.063, 1.318)

0.002

1.325 (1.000, 1.756)

0.05

1.198 (1.037, 1.383)

0.01

1.240 (0.846, 1.816)

0.27

 

Female

Ref

 

Res

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

Race

White

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 
 

Black

0.991 (0.858, 1.144)

0.90

1.353 (0.938, 1.945)

0.11

0.897 (0.724, 1.111)

0.32

1.287 (0.756, 2.191)

0.35

 

Chinese

0.494 (0.421, 0.578)

<0.0001

0.612 (0.430, 0.872)

0.007

0.693 (0.574, 0.836)

0.0001

0.782 (0.503, 1.216)

0.24

 

Other Asian

0.615 (0.535, 0.707)

<0.0001

0.593 (0.421, 0.836)

0.003

0.759 (0.635, 0.907)

0.002

0.675 (0.435, 1.048)

0.08

Grade

Well

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 
 

Moderately

1.292 (0.910, 1.834)

0.15

1.191 (0.600, 2.364)

0.62

1.124 (0.685, 1.844)

0.64

1.234 (0.354, 4.303)

0.72

 

Poorly

0.768 (0.550, 1.072)

0.12

0.879 (0.451, 1.713)

0.71

0.834 (0.525, 1.326)

0.44

0.999 (0.305, 3.268)

1.00

 

Undifferentiated

0.504 (0.359, 0.707)

<0.0001

0.829 (0.399, 1.722)

0.61

0.535 (0.334, 0.855)

0.009

0.866 (0.253, 2.959)

0.82

Histology

Keratinizing

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 
 

Non-keratinizing

0.462 (0.337, 0.538)

<0.0001

0.513 (0.355, 0.740)

0.0004

0.530 (0.382, 0.735)

0.0001

0.721 (0.415, 1.254)

0.25

 

Non-differentiated

0.338 (0.259, 0.440)

<0.0001

0.531 (0.316, 0.892)

0.02

0.328 (0.224, 0.479)

<0.0001

0.575 (0.276, 1.196)

0.14

T-stage

T0

1.125 (0.617, 2.051)

0.70

4.438 (0.555, 35.496)

0.16

0.787 (0.292, 2.121)

0.64

–

 
 

T1

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 
 

T2

1.298 (1.108, 1.519)

0.001

1.069 (0.727, 1.572)

0.54

1.455 (1.174, 1.803)

0.0006

1.140 (0.673, 1.931)

0.63

 

T3

2.024 (1.742, 2.351)

<0.0001

1.312 (0.858, 2.007)

0.21

2.327 (1.898, 2.853)

<0.0001

1.520 (0.866, 2.666)

0.14

 

T4

2.438 (2.109, 2.818)

<0.0001

1.822 (1.125, 2.951)

0.01

2.877 (2.364, 3.501)

<0.0001

1.943 (1.035, 3.648)

0.04

N-stage

N0

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 
 

N1

0.835 (0.729, 0.956)

0.009

0.973 (0.683, 1.387)

0.88

0.867 (0.720, 1.044)

0.13

0.964 (0.594, 1.563)

0.88

 

N2

0.893 (0.775, 1.030)

0.12

0.926 (0.626, 1.371)

0.70

0.989 (0.816, 1.198)

0.90

1.071 (0.645, 1.778)

0.79

 

N3

1.440 (1.226, 1.692)

<0.0001

1.784 (1.095, 2.907)

0.02

1.714 (1.385, 2.120)

<0.0001

1.666 (0.879, 3.158)

0.12

M-stage

M0

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 
 

M1

3.469 (3.065, 33.926)

<0.0001

1.862 (1.224, 2.831)

0.004

4.487 (3.830, 5.255)

<0.0001

1.908 (1.131, 3.218)

0.02

AJCC stage

I

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 
 

II

1.394 (1.051, 1.848)

0.02

1.102 (0.551, 2/202)

0.78

1.805 (1.157, 2.817)

0.009

1.168 (0.419, 3.258)

0.77

 

III

1.915 (1.463, 2.505)

<0.0001

1.820 (0.901, 3.678)

0.10

2.885 (1.888, 4.409)

<0.0001

1.858 (0.673, 5.126)

0.23

 

IV

3.994 (3.090, 5.164)

<0.0001

1.968 (0.938, 4.131)

0.07

6.571 (4.359, 9.904)

<0.0001

2.606 (0.905,7.499)

0.08

Radiation

None or refused

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 
 

Yes

0.333 (0.300, 0.371)

<0.0001

0.364 (0.264, 0.502)

<0.0001

0.319 (0.276, 0.368)

<0.0001

0.380 (0.244, 0.593)

<0.0001

Surgery

None

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 
 

Local tumor destruction

0.794 (0.112, 5.644)

0.82

0.871 (0.544, 1.393)

0.56

1.215 (0.171, 8.635)

0.85

0.545 (0.065, 4.546)

0.58

 

Local tumor excisiona

0.646 (0.514, 0.812)

0.0002

1.019 (0.442, 2.352)

0.96

0.593 (0.434, 0.809)

0.001

0.829 (0.416, 1.653)

0.59

 

Pharyngectomyb

0.522 (0.355, 0.859)

0.008

0.457 (0.063, 3.312)

0.44

0.480 (0.257, 0.895)

0.02

1.126 (0.399, 3.173)

0.82

  1. aThe risk of all-cause mortality among non-surgery group (surgery recommended but not performed group + surgery not recommended group), compared with surgery group
  2. bThe risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma-specific mortality in non-surgery group, compared with surgery group
Back to article page

Journal of Translational Medicine

ISSN: 1479-5876

Contact us