Fig. 1

a Schematic representation of two patients’ signatures at time 1 (before intervention) and time 2 (after intervention) with connecting lines representing trajectory. b A space of patient signatures along dimensions of positive and negative symptoms, with black and grey points representing patients belonging to two tentative clusters of patients. Diamonds show the centroids (prototypes) of the two patient categories. Dotted lines represent between patient-signature similarity and solid lines represent class membership as proportional to the distance of a given patient to the nearest prototype/centroid. The blue solid line represents a linear discriminant separating the two classes such that the overall misclassification error is minimised, as might be estimated or learned by, for example, a support vector machine or linear discriminant analysis