Fig. 2
Innate response in MIMIC®-PTE immune cell populations. a Number of differentially regulated transcripts relative to the respective no treatment control. Number of up- or down-regulated genes is stated in parentheses, arrows indicate up-regulated (↑) or down-regulated (↓) genes. Transcriptional response to the mRNA vaccine (RNActive®) showed strong correlation to the TLR 7/8 agonist R848. Correlation between the mRNA vaccine and R848 (correlation plot) in (b) all 50,000+ gene transcripts (whole transcriptome), c all differentially expressed genes and d in the immune-related gene subset that includes the following gene subsets: chemokines, cytokines, antigen presentation, mannose receptors, TLRs, CLRs, MHC class 1 and 2, and other miscellaneous immune-related genes. The mRNA vaccine and R848 trigger comparable transcriptional changes, with Pearson’s correlation coefficients above 0.94. e Hierarchical clustering of significant differentially expressed genes in MIMIC®-PTE samples after treatment with no antigen (mock), mRNA vaccine, or R848 treatment. Common up-regulation and down-regulation of genes was evident in samples treated with mRNA vaccine and R848. Number of donors in each group = 6