Table 3 3D-printed ceramic materials for tissue engineering
From: Recent advances in bioprinting techniques: approaches, applications and future prospects
Material | Porosity and compressive strength | Biological properties | Printing type | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
SiO2/ZnO | 32–52 % and 2–10 MPa | Increased mechanical strength and cellular proliferation | Inkjet-based bioprinting | [105] |
β-TCP/POC (poly-1,8-octanediol-co-citrate) | 45 % | High compressive modulus and good drug delivery performance | Micro-droplet jetting | [106] |
CaSiO3 | 70 % and 7 MPa | Enhanced cell attachment and osteogenic activity | 3D printing | [100] |
CaCO3/SiO2 | 34 % and 47 MPa | resulting in improved mechanical properties and good cell affinity | Laser-aided gelling (LAG) | [107] |
Sr–Mg doped TCP | 4–12 MPa | Increased osteons and, consequently, an enhanced network of blood vessel formation and osteocalcin expression | 3D printing | [108] |
HA/PVOH (poly(vinyl)alcohol) | 55 % and 0.88 MPa | Osteoconduction and osteointegration in vivo | 3D printing | [109] |
HSP bioceramic (hollow-struts-packed) | 65–85 % and ~5 MPa | Significantly improved cell attachment and proliferation; promotion of formation of new bone tissue in the center of the scaffolds | A modified coaxial 3D printing | [110] |