Fibrinogen consumption is related to intracranial clot burden in acute ischemic stroke: a retrospective hyperdense artery study

Table 4 Independent association of on-admission fibrinogen and clot burden represented by the clot area with final infarct volume: summary of multivariate analysis

Independents	GMR (95 % CI)	p value
On-admission fibrinogen (by 2.718-fold)^a	0.221 (0.081–0.601)	0.003
Clot area (by 2.718-fold)^a
If proximal middle cerebral artery (MCA) affected	1.712 (1.096–2.676)	0.018
If distal MCA affected	0.759 (0.354–1.625)	0.475
If “non-MCA” artery affected	0.612 (0.316–1.707)	0.346
C-reactive protein (by 1 mg/L)	1.275 (1.121–1.451)	<0.001
Serum glucose (by 1 mmol/L)	1.173 (1.011–1.362)	0.036
Thrombectomy with TICI 2b–3 vs. no thrombectomy	0.377 (0.191–0.743)	0.005
Thrombectomy with TICI 2b–3 vs. TICI 0–2a	0.513 (0.193–1.363)	0.179
Proximal vs. distal MCA	6.001 (2.501–14.4)	<0.001
Proximal MCA vs. “non-MCA” artery	15.4 (6.27–37.7)	<0.001

Ln-transformed infarct volume values were analyzed and results are presented as geometric means ratio (GMR) with 95 % confidence intervals by unit or level change in an independent
All variables depicted in Table 1 [except for severity of clinical symptoms at presentation (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score), control image finding and clinical outcome] were tested for at least a trend (p < 0.1) of univariate association with the final infarct volume and were included in the model on this criterion. Two-term interactions between on-admission fibrinogen and vessel type or treatment with thrombectomy, as well as between clot area and thrombectomy were insignificant (p > 0.500) and excluded, whereas clot area*vessel type interaction was significant at alpha 0.1 (p = 0.069) and the inclusive model had the best fit (Akaike’s information criterion 505.5, Bayesian information criterion 508.3) and is depicted
TICI thrombolysis in cerebral infarction grading
^aSince on-admission fibrinogen and clot area were ln-transformed (to achieve normality of residuals), the “effects” are presented as GMRs by 2.718-fold increase

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