Fig. 4

Activation by TLR agonists induces polyfunctional CD4⁺ T cells in CVID. The combinations of IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-17a, IL-22 and TNF secreted by (a) CD4⁺ and (b) CD8⁺ T cells induced by TLR2 (Pam3CSK4), TLR7/8 (CL097), PMA/ionomycin or SEB from HC (n = 16) and CVID (n = 16) individuals were derived from a Boolean strategy. Frequencies of stimulated CD4⁺ or CD8⁺ T cells were subtracted from baseline values. Data represent the median and the interquartile range. *p ≤ 0.05