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Table 3 Biomechanical evaluation

From: Finding a new therapeutic approach for no-option Parkinsonisms: mesenchymal stromal cells for progressive supranuclear palsy

(A)

Normal values

Case 1 (PSP01)

Case 4 (PSP08)

(10°–90° percentile)

Basal

6-month

12-month

Basal

6-month

12-month

Standing

Ellipse area (mm2) %BA

0.06–0.66

0.08

0.33

0.18

0.34

0.55

0.18

Ellipse eccentricity

0.62–0.97

0.97

0.92

0.8

0.98

0.99

0.80

Axis length AP avg. (mm) %FL

0.20–8.86

3.05

4.21

3.35

9.27a

3.73

3.35

Axis length ML avg. (mm) %FL

0.12–3.66

2.37

2.35

1.21

0.12

1.54

1.21

Sway path (CoP) velocity avg. (mm/s)

6.5–18.11

7.26

7.62

6.57

9.41

19.43

6.58

Gait initiation

Imbalance phase

 Duration (s)

0.29–0.53

0.61a

0.84a

0.49

0.36

0.43

0.36

 AP avg. (mm) %FL

9.58–17.26

0.86a

2.14a

1.04a

4.48a

1.73a

0.32a

 AP vel. avg. (mm/s)

58.83–112.61

3.32a

13.68a

2.78a

22.33a

8.31a

1.01a

 ML avg. (mm) %FL

4.6–19.21

5.13

6.61

3.55a

4.12a

3.18a

3.78a

 ML vel. avg. (mm/s)

32.15–144.77

17.55a

43.53

23.1

24.78a

15.71a

27.22a

 Sway path (CoP) velocity avg. (mm/s)

96.34–178.07

19.38a

46.99a

26.25a

36.17a

29.45a

28.74a

 Sway path (CoP) length (mm)

36.73–63.60

14.29a

18.75a

11.69a

16.04a

11.12a

10.35a

Unloading phase

 Duration (s)

0.23–0.47

1.45a

0.83a

1.29a

1.09a

0.76a

1.36a

 AP avg. (mm) %FL

3.9–14.44

7.94

8.73

8.79

11.48

12.28

8.21

 AP vel. avg. (mm/s)

7.1–92.4

11.31

61.16

14.38

19.00a

37.42

10.71

 ML avg. (mm) %FL

29.15–61.84

33.1

43.08

36.68

54.34

45.05

37.47

 ML vel. avg. (mm/s)

265.14–481.64

78.31a

143.24a

85.81a

150.63a

151.28a

85.31a

 Sway path (CoP) velocity avg. (mm/s)

269.18–510.98

108.73a

150.99a

95.58a

160.86a

163.10a

95.63a

 Sway path (CoP) length (mm)

79.6–169.24

99.07

119.54

111.61

138.33

113.69

115.61

Step phase

 First step peak velocity (mm/s)

1475.4–1874.1

486.52a

783.05a

604.83a

714.70a

498.68a

566.64a

 First step length (%BH)

26.27–33.63

21.04a

24.44a

17.08a

14.34a

8.21a

16.92a

(B)

Normal values

Case 3 (PSP06)

Case 5 (PSP09)

(10°–90° percentile)

Basal

Basal

Standing

Ellipse area (mm2) %BA

0.06–0.66

0.49

329.68a

Ellipse eccentricity

0.62–0.97

0.98

0.91

Axis length AP avg. (mm) %FL

0.20–8.86

6.78

5.16

Axis length ML avg. (mm) %FL

0.12–3.66

4.31a

4.13a

Sway path (CoP) velocity avg. (mm/s)

6.5–18.11

133.81a

12.69

Gait initiation

Imbalance phase

 Duration (s)

0.29–0.53

ne

0.77a

 AP avg. (mm) %FL

9.58–17.26

ne

6.01

 AP vel. avg. (mm/s)

58.83–112.61

ne

16.70a

 ML avg. (mm) %FL

4.6–19.21

ne

5.15

 ML vel. avg. (mm/s)

32.15–144.77

ne

20.02a

 Sway path (CoP) velocity avg. (mm/s)

96.34–178.07

ne

31.29a

 Sway path (CoP) length (mm)

36.73–63.60

ne

22.06a

Unloading phase

 Duration (s)

0.23–0.47

ne

1.00a

 AP avg. (mm) %FL

3.9–14.44

ne

5.63

 AP vel. avg. (mm/s)

7.1–92.4

ne

8.63

 ML avg. (mm) %FL

29.15–61.84

ne

54.85

 ML vel. avg. (mm/s)

265.14–481.64

ne

129.37a

 Sway path (CoP) velocity avg. (mm/s)

269.18–510.98

ne

132.25a

 Sway path (CoP) length (mm)

79.6–169.24

ne

129.71

Step Phase

 First step peak velocity (mm/s)

1475.4–1874.1

ne

596.99a

 First step length (%BH)

26.27–33.63

ne

12.78a

  1. (A) Patients with complete follow-up; (B) patients with only basal evaluation. Case 2 (PSP 02) was not evaluable (ne) because of dystonia
  2. For abbreviations: see text
  3. a Patient’s parameters outside the range between 10 and 90° percentile of healthy control subjects’ values