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Table 4 Relationship between selected markers of sympathetic and HPA activity, and other hormones

From: Altered neuroendocrine control and association to clinical symptoms in adolescent chronic fatigue syndrome: a cross-sectional study

 

CFS patients

Healthy controls

Dependent variable: plasma norepinephrine

 R squared

0.015

0.043

 Plasma epinephrine

  Regression coefficient, B (95 % CI)

0.82 (−0.38 to 2.02)

1.19 (−0.19 to 2.58)

  p value

0.179

0.090

Dependent variable: urine norepinephrine:creatinine ratio

 R squared

0.009

0.114

 Plasma norepinephrine

  Regression coefficient, B (95 % CI)

4.8 (−4.6 to 14) × 10−5

35 (11–59) × 10−5

  p value

0.314

0.005

Dependent variable: plasma epinephrine

 R squared

0.015

0.043

 Plasma norepinephrine

  Regression coefficient, B (95 % CI)

0.02 (−0.01 to 0.05)

0.04 (−0.01 to 0.08)

  p value

0.179

0.090

Dependent variable: urine epinephrine:creatinine ratio

 R squared

0.028

0.000

 Plasma epinephrine

  Regression coefficient, B (95 % CI)

88 (−7 to 182) × 10−5

−11 (−221 to 199) × 10−5

  p value

0.069

0.917

Dependent variable: plasma cortisol

 R squared

0.184

0.184

 Plasma ACTH

  Regression coefficient, B (95 % CI)

25.3 (13.4–37.2)

15.3 (1.1–29.6)

  p value

<0.001

0.036

 Plasma TSH

  Regression coefficient, B (95 % CI)

12.7 (−9.4 to 35.0)

26.7 (1.1–52.4)

  p value

0.262

0.041

 Plasma FT4

  Regression coefficient, B (95 % CI)

17.0 (6.0–28.0)

−4.9 (−24.2 to 14.4)

  p value

0.003

0.613

Dependent variable: urine cortisol:creatinine ratio

 R squared

0.058

0.016

 Plasma cortisol

  Regression coefficient, B (95 % CI)

−11 (−19 to −3.0) × 10−4

−7 (−20 to 6.8) × 10−4

  p value

0.008

0.311

  1. Multivariate linear regression models. The final mulitvariat linear regression models for each dependent variable in CFS patients and healthy controls, respectively, cf. Fig. 1
  2. Italic values indicate significance of p value (p < 0.05)
  3. CFS chronic fatigue syndrome, HPA hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal, CI confidence interval, ACTH adrenocorticotrophic hormone, TSH thyroid stimulating hormone, FT4 free thyroxine