Changing R&D models in research-based pharmaceutical companies

Table 1 R&D efficiencies of multinational pharmaceutical companies (2006–2014)

	Total R&D expenditures (USD million) (2006–2014)	Number of FDA approved NMEs (2006–2014)	R&D efficiency (USD million/NME) (2006–2014)
Abbott/Abbvie	31,292	1	31,292
Eli Lilly	40,232	4	10,058
Roche	78,340	9	8704
Sanofi	42,948	6	7158
Merck & Co.	62,745	9	6972
Pfizer	72,125	11	6557
AstraZeneca	45,081	7	6440
Novartis	72,100	13	5546
Amgen	30,437	6	5073
GSK	47,109	12	3926
Takeda	23,361	6	3893
Bristol-Myers Squibb	33,006	9	3667
Boehringer Ingelheim	22,920	7	3274

Merck & Co including Schering Plough (starting 2009), Pfizer including Wyeth (starting 2009), Roche including Genentech (starting 2010), Novartis including Alcon (starting 2010), Sanofi including Genzyme (starting 2011)
Source: Annual company reports, http://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/DevelopmentApprovalProcess/HowDrugsareDevelopedandApproved/DrugandBiologicApprovalReports/UCM081805.pdf

ISSN: 1479-5876