Fig. 1
From: Changing R&D models in research-based pharmaceutical companies
R&D efficiencies of research-based pharmaceutical companies (2006–2014). Total number of NMEs (new molecular entities) approved by the FDA contrasted to the total R&D expenditure per company between 2006–2014. Bubble size illustrates the R&D intensity (R&D expenditure/total sales) in a  %-rate. Merck & Co including Schering Plough (starting 2009), Pfizer including Wyeth (starting 2009), Roche including Genentech (starting 2010), Novartis including Alcon (starting 2010), Sanofi including Genzyme (starting 2011)