Fig. 1

One sample t test result of bilateral ACC functional connectivity for BQD and HC group. In all subjects, the ACC positively correlates with the PCC/precuneus, lateral parietal cortex, medial prefrontal cortex, superior frontal gyrus, and the middle and inferior temporal gyri, the medial prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, temporal lobe, insula, thalamus, caudate, putamen, and other cingulate subregions (P < 0.05, FDR corrected). The ACC shows negative functional connectivity with the precentral and postcentral gyri, prefrontal cortex, parietal cortex, cuneus lobe, lingual and fusiform gyri (P < 0.05, FDR corrected). ACC anterior cingulate cortex, PCC posterior cingulate cortex, HC healthy control, BQD betel quid dependence