Low 25(OH) D serum levels are related with hip fracture in postmenopausal women: a matched case–control study

Table 2 Univariate and multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis for hip and upper-limb fracture

Parameter	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
Parameter	OR^a	95 % CI^a	P	OR^a	95 % CI^a	P
Predictor: hip fracture (N = 349)
25(OH) D (≤50 nmol/L)	3.779	1.346–7.754	<0.0001	3.023	2.154–4.298	<0.0001
Age	1.224	1.057–1.765	0.007	1.187	1.095–1.432	0.011
Inadequate sun exposure	1.154	1.056–1.554	0.028	1.067	1.015–1.465	0.042
History of falls during the last year	1.998	1.213–2.876	0.026	1.675	0.954–3.986	0.167
Neurologic impairment	3.332	1.487–5.432	0.035	2.443	0.713–4.876	0.675
Cognitive impairment	1.453	1.109–1.765	0.022	1.287	0.995–3.054	0.265
Hs-CRP	1.119	1.032–1.332	<0.001	1.075	1.024–1.242	0.001
ALP	1.342	1.114–1.567	<0.001	1.211	1.068–1.243	0.009
iPTH (≥6.8 pmol/L)	3.223	1.635–6.754	<0.0001	2.498	1.764–3.942	<0.001
Predictor: hip and upper-limb fracture (N = 29)
25(OH) D (≤50 nmol/L)	6.985	1.152–21.763	<0.0001	4.473	2.984–10.532	<0.0001
Age	1.197	1.047–1.455	<0.001	1.088	1.027–1.133	<0.001
BMI	1.332	1.142–1.487	0.006	1.225	1.087–1.392	0.009
Inadequate sun exposure	1.176	1.032–1.543	0.010	1.082	1.012–1.544	0.022
History of falls during the last year	2.221	1.317–2.678	0.012	1.785	0.932–3.576	0.113
Neurologic impairment	2.543	1.943–4.581	0.036	1.476	0.911–3.632	0.455
Cognitive impairment	1.665	1.232–2.043	0.020	1.332	0.992–2.874	0.321
Hs-CRP	1.228	1.053–1.489	0.005	1.112	1.044–1.432	0.015
ALP	1.186	1.105–1.325	0.003	1.142	1.054–1.375	0.013
iPTH (≥6.8 pmol/L)	4.214	2.536–8.433	<0.0001	3.254	1.998–7.984	<0.001

OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, BMI body mass index, Hs-CRP high-sensitivity-C-reactive protein, ALP alkaline phosphatase, iPTH intact parathyroid hormone
^aNote that the odds ratio corresponds to a unit increase in the explanatory variable

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