Fig. 1

Effects of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) ligands on mRNA expression of Th1 cytokines from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in atopic dermatitis (AD) patients. PBMCs were incubated with PGN or Pam3CSK4 for 8 h. TNF-α (a), IFN-γ (b), IL-12 (c) and IL-18 (d) mRNA expression from PBMCs was determined by qPCR. Data were shown as 2^−ΔΔCt ± SEM. T-test was employed to compare the significant difference between AD patients and healthy individuals. ***p < 0.001