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Table 4 Characteristics of the 4979 participants included in the first CHRIS data release by gender

From: The Cooperative Health Research in South Tyrol (CHRIS) study: rationale, objectives, and preliminary results

Participants’ characteristicsa

Males N = 2212

Females N = 2767

P valueb

Age (years)—mean (SD)

46.5 (16.4)

45.9 (16.3)

0.22

Self-reported origin—n (%)

   

 South Tyrol

2087 (94.4)

2591 (93.6)

0.40

 European

122 (5.5)

174 (6.3)

 Non-European

3 (0.1)

2 (0.1)

Education, n = 4976—n (%)

   

 No formal education or degree

5 (0.2)

7 (0.3)

<0.01

 Primary school

223 (10.1)

379 (13.7)

 Lower secondary school

311 (14.1)

401 (14.5)

 Vocational school

1070 (48.4)

985 (35.6)

 Upper secondary school

427 (19.3)

703 (25.4)

 University

176 (7.9)

289 (10.5)

Alcohol consumption frequencyc, n = 4974—n (%)

   

 Never to seldom

489 (22.1)

1389 (50.3)

<0.01

 ≤1 day/week

684 (30.9)

897 (32.5)

 ≥2 days/week

630 (28.5)

313 (11.3)

 Daily

408 (18.5)

164 (5.9)

Smoking habits, n = 4977—n (%)

   

 Never smoker

1024 (46.3)

1550 (56.1)

<0.01

 Past smoker

752 (34.0)

753 (27.2)

 Current smoker

436 (19.7)

462 (16.7)

Physical activity, n = 4683—n (%)

   

 Low

502 (24.2)

626 (24.0)

<0.01

 Moderate

507 (24.5)

853 (32.7)

 High

1063 (51.3)

1132 (43.4)

Blood pressure (BP), n = 4971—mean (SD)

   

 Systolic BP (mm/Hg)

124.5 (14.5)

115.3 (17.1)

<0.01

 Diastolic BP (mm/Hg)

79.3 (9.0)

76.6 (9.5)

<0.01

Elevated blood pressured, n = 4953—n (%)

   

 No

1647 (74.9)

2163 (78.5)

<0.01

 Yes

551 (25.1)

592 (21.5)

Body-Mass-Index kg/m2, n = 4916—n (%)

   

 <25

856 (39.3)

1607 (58.7)

<0.01

 25–30

972 (44.6)

701 (25.6)

 ≥30

350 (16.1)

430 (15.7)

Diabetes statuse, n = 4967—n (%)

   

 No

1215 (55.0)

1491 (54.0)

0.55

 Prediabetes

891 (40.4)

1151 (41.7)

 Diabetes

102 (4.6)

117 (4.2)

 Serum total cholesterol (mg/dl)—mean (SD)

207.8 (41.7)

213.0 (40.3)

<0.01

  1. aIndicated is the actual number of non-missing values when <4979
  2. b P values for difference between males and females were obtained from t and Fisher’s exact tests for continuous and categorical variables, respectively
  3. cBased on the question: “During the last 12 months, on average how often have you drunk alcoholic drinks?
  4. dBased on the question: “Has a doctor ever said that you have high blood pressure or hypertension?
  5. ePrediabetes: serum glucose (mg/dl) 100–125 or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (%) 5.7–6.4; diabetes: serum glucose (mg/dl) ≥ 126 or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (%) ≥ 6.5