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Fig. 1 | Journal of Translational Medicine

Fig. 1

From: Application of Nanotrap technology for high sensitivity measurement of urinary outer surface protein A carboxyl-terminus domain in early stage Lyme borreliosis

Fig. 1

Nanotrap particles concentrate and preserve OspA and increase the effective sensitivity of the immunoassay. a Nanotrap particles are covalently functionalized with a high affinity bait that sequesters low abundance low molecular weight antigens. b Nanotrap particles are mixed with urine containing the Lyme antigen (yellowc”) and vast excess of resident proteins (e.g. albumin). Nanotrap particles capture all the solution phase Lyme antigen (redC”) and exclude high abundance resident proteins (grayA”); c Nanotrap particles are separated from the urine. d Lyme antigens captured by the Nanotrap particles are eluted in a small volume (e.g. 0.015 mL). e Nanotrap particle pre-processing step increases the effective sensitivity of any analytical technology by a concentration factor e. Assuming the initial volume of urine is V = 40 mL and the final elution volume is v = 0.015 mL, the concentration factor e = V/v = 40/0.015 = 2,667

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