Fig. 5

LPS pre-Exo regulated proteins expression in the TLR4/NF-κB/STAT3/AKT signaling pathway. a THP-1 cells were pretreated with high gluscose (30 nM) and then cultured with LPS pre-Exo for 48 h. Cell lysates were subjected to Western blot analysis with specific antibody to TLR4, p-P65, NF-κB, p-STAT3, STAT3, p-AKT, AKT, and β-actin. b The band intensities were assessed by scanning densitometry. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM of three separate experiments. *Compared with Con, p < 0.05; ^#compared with HG, p < 0.05