Fig. 2

Two-dimensional µCT image of the proximal tibia from sham and MMT rat. Cortical and cancellous bone was measured for the entire epiphysis (E), whereas cancellous bone was evaluated at the metaphysis in the area of secondary spongiosa (M). Solid arrow indicates a lesser amount of cancellous bone in MMT rat; dotted arrow indicates thickening of the subchondral bone in MMT rat; arrowhead indicate osteophyte formation in MMT rat. Dotted blue square indicates area of epiphysis where UV micrographs are taken to show the new bone formation. Arrowheads indicate intensive bone remodeling of the osteophyte in MMT rat as judged by the presence of both calcein and alizarin red dye, whereas there is no osteophyte formation in the sham rat