Table 2 Clinical use of taurine in different pathophysiological conditions
From: Taurine: the appeal of a safe amino acid for skeletal muscle disorders
References | Patients | Dose (g/day or mg/kg) | Duration | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Franconi et al. [130] | IDDM (Diabetes mellitus type 1) | 1.5 g | 90 days | No effect |
Elizarova and Nedosugova [131] | IDDM | 1 g | 30 days | Glucose metabolism and trygliceride level improved |
Chauncey et al. [133] | NIDDM (DM type 2) | 3 g | 4 months | Plasma taurine level increased |
Brøns et al. [134] | Overweight non-diabetic | 1.5 g | 8 weeks | No effect |
Xiao et al. [136] | Overweight non-diabetic | 3 g | 2 weeks | Insulin sensitivity improved |
Nakamura et al. [132] | NIDDM with microalbuminemia | 3 g | 12 months | No effect |
Moloney et al. [135] | IDDM | 1.5 g | 2 weeks | Endotelium-dependent reaction improved |
Gonzales-Contreras et al. [142] | Cholestasis by parenteral nutrition | ~25 mg/kg/day | ~50 days | Hepatoprotection with reduction of AST, ALT and GGT |
Rosa et al. [143] | Obesity | 3 g/day | 8 weeks | Increase in plasma levels of taurine and adiponectin; reduction of inflammatory markers |
Pearl et al. [141] | Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency (efficacy, safety and tolerability) | 50–200 mg/kg/d (age range 12 years) | 13 months (mean time from 3 to 50) | No significant effects Tolerability issues at highest doses |
Fujita et al. [139] | Hypertension | 6 g | 7 days | Systolic and diastolic pressure improved |
Azuma et al. [138] | Congestive heart failure | 6 g | 4 weeks | Heart parameters improved |
Bergamini et al. [137] | Epilepsy | 200 mg–21 g | Various | Seizure frequency reduction |
Durelli et al. [36] | Dystrophic myotonia | 6–10 g | 6 months | Myotonic symptoms improvement |
Dunn-Lewis et al. [140] | Elderly | 500 mg in multinurtient supplement | 4 weeks | Physical function improved |