The effects of two common edible herbs, Ipomoea aquatica and Enhydra fluctuans, on cadmium-induced pathophysiology: a focus on oxidative defence and anti-apoptotic mechanism

Table 2 Effect on haematological and serum biochemical parameters in absence (CdCl₂) and presence of AEIA (AEIA + CdCl₂) and AEEF (AEEF + CdCl₂) in mice

Parameters	Group I	Group II	Group III	Group IV
Total erythrocyte count (×10^6/mm³)	6.12 ± 0.31	3.25 ± 0.24^#	5.05 ± 0.33**	4.78 ± 0.41**
Haemoglobin (g/dl)	8.92 ± 0.85	5.04 ± 0.42^#	7.45 ± 0.67*	7.34 ± 0.67*
ALT (IU/l)	84.56 ± 5.11	213.34 ± 17.50^#	132.13 ± 12.92**	148.56 ± 13.11**
AST (IU/l)	52.31 ± 3.24	88.35 ± 4.67^#	60.89 ± 3.76**	67.33 ± 4.09**
Urea (mg/dl)	25.67 ± 1.89	56.11 ± 2.73^#	45.14 ± 2.01**	47.92 ± 2.67*
Total cholesterol (mg/dl)	142.13 ± 6.17	198.34 ± 8.22^#	161.45 ± 7.05**	167.96 ± 7.67*
HDL cholesterol (mg/dl)	58.77 ± 3.22	36.92 ± 2.21^#	49.87 ± 2.54**	47.21 ± 3.01*
Triglyceride (mg/dl)	125.41 ± 5.12	278.33 ± 11.54^#	187.85 ± 8.32**	212.50 ± 7.28**

Values are expressed as mean ± SE, for six animals in each group. ^#Values differ significantly from normal control (p < 0.01). * Values differ significantly from CdCl₂ control (p < 0.05). ** Values differ significantly from CdCl₂ control (p < 0.01). Group I: Normal control; Group II: Toxic control; Group III: AEIA (100 mg/kg) + CdCl₂ (4 mg/kg); Group IV: AEEF (100 mg/kg) + CdCl₂ (4 mg/kg).

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