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Table 3 CV risk score by tertiles of flavonoid intake (the first the lower; the third, the higher) in a multiple regression model

From: Dietary flavonoid intake and cardiovascular risk: a population-based cohort study

  First tertile Second tertile Third tertile
Total flavonoids Mean SD Mean SD   Mean SD P
2014 CV risk score 28.8 15.4 25.3 12.6   23.8 10.7 <0.001
  Β   β 95% CI P Β 95% CI P
Model 1 Reference   −2.58 −4.07 −1.09 <0.001 −4.36 −5.85 −2.87 <0.001
Model 2 Reference   −1.27 −2.76 0.22 0.10 −2.69 −4.22 −1.16 <0.001
  Mean SD Mean SD   Mean SD P
Changes in CV risk score 16.2 10.1 14.7 8.1   13.4 7.4 <0.001
  Β   β 95% CI P Β 95% CI P
Model 1 Reference   −0.98 −1.96 0.00 0.05 −2.64 −3.62 −1.66 <0.001
Model 2 Reference   −0.46 −1.50 0.58 0.38 −1.92 −2.98 −0.86 <0.001
Proanthocyanids Mean SD Mean SD   Mean SD P
2014 CV risk score 28.8 15.4 25.3 12.6   23.8 10.7 <0.001
  Β   β 95% CI P Β 95% CI P
Model 1 Reference   −2.39 −3.88 −0.90 0.002 −4.29 −5.78 −2.80 <0.001
Model 2 Reference   −1.07 −2.56 0.42 0.16 −2.60 −4.13 −1.07 <0.001
  Mean SD Mean SD   Mean SD P
Changes in CV risk score 16.1 10.2 14.7 8.0   13.3 7.4 <0.001
  Β   β 95% CI P Β 95% CI P
Model 1 Reference   −0.96 −1.94 0.02 0.06 −2.65 −3.65 −1.65 <0.001
Model 2 Reference   −0.43 −1.47 0.61 0.41 −1.93 −2.99 −0.87 <0.001
Flavan-3-ols Mean SD Mean SD   Mean SD P
2014 CV risk score 28.1 15.1 25.6 12.7   24.2 11.3 <0.001
  Β   β 95% CI P Β 95% CI P
Model 1 Reference   −1.80 −3.29 −0.31 0.02 −3.20 −4.69 −1.71 <0.001
Model 2 Reference   −0.70 −2.17 0.77 0.35 −1.92 −3.41 −0.43 0.01
  Mean SD Mean SD   Mean SD P
Changes in CV risk score 15.8 9.8 14.9 8.4   13.6 7.5 <0.001
  Β   β 95% CI P Β 95% CI P
Model 1 Reference   −0.58 −1.58 0.42 0.25 −1.94 −2.94 −0.94 <0.001
Model 2 Reference   −0.07 −1.09 0.95 0.89 −1.39 −2.41 −0.37 0.007
Anthocyanidins Mean SD Mean SD   Mean SD P
2014 CV risk score 27.9 14.7 25.5 12.6   24.5 12.0 <0.001
  Β   β 95% CI P Β 95% CI P
Model 1 Reference   −1.60 −3.09 −0.11 0.04 −2.73 −4.22 −1.24 <0.001
Model 2 Reference   −0.81 −2.26 0.64 0.28 −1.05 −2.11 0.00 0.05
  Mean SD Mean SD   Mean SD P
Changes in CV risk score 15.7 9.4 14.7 8.5   13.8 8.0 0.001
  Β   β 95% CI P Β 95% CI P
Model 1 Reference   −0.68 −1.68 0.32 0.18 −1.65 −2.65 −0.65 0.001
Model 2 Reference   −0.27 −1.29 0.75 0.60 −0.90 −1.74 −0.06 0.03
Flavanones Mean SD Mean SD   Mean SD P
2014 CV risk score 28.2 14.8 25.8 12.5   23.9 11.9 <0.001
  Β   Β 95% CI P Β 95% CI P
Model 1 Reference   −2.38 −3.87 −0.89 0.002 −3.90 −5.39 −2.41 <0.001
Model 2 Reference   −1.90 −3.35 −0.45 0.01 −2.70 −4.19 −1.21 <0.001
  Mean SD Mean SD   Mean SD P
Changes in CV risk score 15.8 9.3 14.7 8.9   13.7 7.7 <0.001
  Β   Β 95% CI P Β 95% CI P
Model 1 Reference   −1.13 −2.11 −0.15 0.02 −1.97 −2.95 −0.99 <0.001
Model 2 Reference   −0.98 −1.98 0.02 0.06 −1.51 −2.55 −0.47 0.004
Flavonols Mean SD Mean SD   Mean SD P
2014 CV risk score 27.5 15.0 25.2 12.2   25.2 12.1 0.004
  Β   Β 95% CI P Β 95% CI P
Model 1 Reference   −2.10 −3.59 −0.61 0.006 −2.33 −3.82 −0.84 0.002
Model 2 Reference   −1.13 −2.60 0.34 0.13 −1.21 −2.40 −0.02 0.04
  Mean SD Mean SD   Mean SD P
Changes in CV risk score 15.4 9.5 14.5 7.9   14.3 8.6 <0.001
  Β   Β 95% CI P Β 95% CI P
Model 1 Reference   −0.84 −1.82 0.14 0.10 −1.29 −2.29 −0.29 0.01
Model 2 Reference   −0.44 −1.46 0.58 0.39 −0.72 −1.78 0.34 0.18
Flavones Mean SD Mean SD   Mean SD P
2014 CV risk score 28.2 15.2 25.4 12.3   24.3 11.6 <0.001
  Β   Β 95% CI P Β 95% CI P
Model 1 Reference   −2.59 −4.08 −1.10 <0.001 −3.43 −4.92 −1.94 <0.001
Model 2 Reference   −1.74 −3.21 −0.27 0.02 −2.12 −3.65 −0.59 0.007
  Mean SD Mean SD   Mean SD P
Changes in CV risk score 15.8 10.1 14.5 8.3   13.9 7.3 0.001
  Β   Β 95% CI P Β 95% CI P
Model 1 Reference   −1.37 −2.37 −0.37 0.007 −1.75 −2.75 −0.75 <0.001
Model 2 Reference   −1.02 −2.02 −0.02 0.04 −1.28 −2.32 −0.24 0.02
Isoflavones Mean SD Mean SD   Mean SD P
2014 CV risk score 26.5 13.2 27.1 14.1   24.4 12.2 0.002
  Β   Β 95% CI P Β 95% CI P
Model 1 Reference   0.72 −0.77 2.21 0.34 −1.54 −3.03 −0.05 0.04
Model 2 Reference   0.97 −0.46 2.40 0.19 −0.35 −1.82 1.12 0.64
  Mean SD Mean SD   Mean SD P
Changes in CV risk score 14.8 8.4 15.4 9.6   14.1 7.9 0.03
  Β   Β 95% CI P Β 95% CI P
Model 1 Reference   0.74 −0.25 1.73 0.15 −0.45 −1.45 0.55 0.38
Model 2 Reference   0.96 −0.06 1.98 0.06 0.03 −0.99 1.05 0.96
  1. Model 1 adjusted for BMI, education, living in a rural area, Model 2 adjusted for BMI, education, living in a rural area, METS (h/week), alcohol intake, history of CV diseases, values of fasting glucose, log-CRP, fiber, and saturated fatty acid intakes.
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