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Table 3 CV risk score by tertiles of flavonoid intake (the first the lower; the third, the higher) in a multiple regression model

From: Dietary flavonoid intake and cardiovascular risk: a population-based cohort study

 

First tertile

Second tertile

Third tertile

Total flavonoids

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

 

Mean

SD

P

2014 CV risk score

28.8

15.4

25.3

12.6

 

23.8

10.7

<0.001

 

Β

 

β

95% CI

P

Β

95% CI

P

Model 1

Reference

 

−2.58

−4.07 −1.09

<0.001

−4.36

−5.85 −2.87

<0.001

Model 2

Reference

 

−1.27

−2.76 0.22

0.10

−2.69

−4.22 −1.16

<0.001

 

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

 

Mean

SD

P

Changes in CV risk score

16.2

10.1

14.7

8.1

 

13.4

7.4

<0.001

 

Β

 

β

95% CI

P

Β

95% CI

P

Model 1

Reference

 

−0.98

−1.96 0.00

0.05

−2.64

−3.62 −1.66

<0.001

Model 2

Reference

 

−0.46

−1.50 0.58

0.38

−1.92

−2.98 −0.86

<0.001

Proanthocyanids

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

 

Mean

SD

P

2014 CV risk score

28.8

15.4

25.3

12.6

 

23.8

10.7

<0.001

 

Β

 

β

95% CI

P

Β

95% CI

P

Model 1

Reference

 

−2.39

−3.88 −0.90

0.002

−4.29

−5.78 −2.80

<0.001

Model 2

Reference

 

−1.07

−2.56 0.42

0.16

−2.60

−4.13 −1.07

<0.001

 

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

 

Mean

SD

P

Changes in CV risk score

16.1

10.2

14.7

8.0

 

13.3

7.4

<0.001

 

Β

 

β

95% CI

P

Β

95% CI

P

Model 1

Reference

 

−0.96

−1.94 0.02

0.06

−2.65

−3.65 −1.65

<0.001

Model 2

Reference

 

−0.43

−1.47 0.61

0.41

−1.93

−2.99 −0.87

<0.001

Flavan-3-ols

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

 

Mean

SD

P

2014 CV risk score

28.1

15.1

25.6

12.7

 

24.2

11.3

<0.001

 

Β

 

β

95% CI

P

Β

95% CI

P

Model 1

Reference

 

−1.80

−3.29 −0.31

0.02

−3.20

−4.69 −1.71

<0.001

Model 2

Reference

 

−0.70

−2.17 0.77

0.35

−1.92

−3.41 −0.43

0.01

 

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

 

Mean

SD

P

Changes in CV risk score

15.8

9.8

14.9

8.4

 

13.6

7.5

<0.001

 

Β

 

β

95% CI

P

Β

95% CI

P

Model 1

Reference

 

−0.58

−1.58 0.42

0.25

−1.94

−2.94 −0.94

<0.001

Model 2

Reference

 

−0.07

−1.09 0.95

0.89

−1.39

−2.41 −0.37

0.007

Anthocyanidins

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

 

Mean

SD

P

2014 CV risk score

27.9

14.7

25.5

12.6

 

24.5

12.0

<0.001

 

Β

 

β

95% CI

P

Β

95% CI

P

Model 1

Reference

 

−1.60

−3.09 −0.11

0.04

−2.73

−4.22 −1.24

<0.001

Model 2

Reference

 

−0.81

−2.26 0.64

0.28

−1.05

−2.11 0.00

0.05

 

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

 

Mean

SD

P

Changes in CV risk score

15.7

9.4

14.7

8.5

 

13.8

8.0

0.001

 

Β

 

β

95% CI

P

Β

95% CI

P

Model 1

Reference

 

−0.68

−1.68 0.32

0.18

−1.65

−2.65 −0.65

0.001

Model 2

Reference

 

−0.27

−1.29 0.75

0.60

−0.90

−1.74 −0.06

0.03

Flavanones

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

 

Mean

SD

P

2014 CV risk score

28.2

14.8

25.8

12.5

 

23.9

11.9

<0.001

 

Β

 

Β

95% CI

P

Β

95% CI

P

Model 1

Reference

 

−2.38

−3.87 −0.89

0.002

−3.90

−5.39 −2.41

<0.001

Model 2

Reference

 

−1.90

−3.35 −0.45

0.01

−2.70

−4.19 −1.21

<0.001

 

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

 

Mean

SD

P

Changes in CV risk score

15.8

9.3

14.7

8.9

 

13.7

7.7

<0.001

 

Β

 

Β

95% CI

P

Β

95% CI

P

Model 1

Reference

 

−1.13

−2.11 −0.15

0.02

−1.97

−2.95 −0.99

<0.001

Model 2

Reference

 

−0.98

−1.98 0.02

0.06

−1.51

−2.55 −0.47

0.004

Flavonols

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

 

Mean

SD

P

2014 CV risk score

27.5

15.0

25.2

12.2

 

25.2

12.1

0.004

 

Β

 

Β

95% CI

P

Β

95% CI

P

Model 1

Reference

 

−2.10

−3.59 −0.61

0.006

−2.33

−3.82 −0.84

0.002

Model 2

Reference

 

−1.13

−2.60 0.34

0.13

−1.21

−2.40 −0.02

0.04

 

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

 

Mean

SD

P

Changes in CV risk score

15.4

9.5

14.5

7.9

 

14.3

8.6

<0.001

 

Β

 

Β

95% CI

P

Β

95% CI

P

Model 1

Reference

 

−0.84

−1.82 0.14

0.10

−1.29

−2.29 −0.29

0.01

Model 2

Reference

 

−0.44

−1.46 0.58

0.39

−0.72

−1.78 0.34

0.18

Flavones

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

 

Mean

SD

P

2014 CV risk score

28.2

15.2

25.4

12.3

 

24.3

11.6

<0.001

 

Β

 

Β

95% CI

P

Β

95% CI

P

Model 1

Reference

 

−2.59

−4.08 −1.10

<0.001

−3.43

−4.92 −1.94

<0.001

Model 2

Reference

 

−1.74

−3.21 −0.27

0.02

−2.12

−3.65 −0.59

0.007

 

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

 

Mean

SD

P

Changes in CV risk score

15.8

10.1

14.5

8.3

 

13.9

7.3

0.001

 

Β

 

Β

95% CI

P

Β

95% CI

P

Model 1

Reference

 

−1.37

−2.37 −0.37

0.007

−1.75

−2.75 −0.75

<0.001

Model 2

Reference

 

−1.02

−2.02 −0.02

0.04

−1.28

−2.32 −0.24

0.02

Isoflavones

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

 

Mean

SD

P

2014 CV risk score

26.5

13.2

27.1

14.1

 

24.4

12.2

0.002

 

Β

 

Β

95% CI

P

Β

95% CI

P

Model 1

Reference

 

0.72

−0.77 2.21

0.34

−1.54

−3.03 −0.05

0.04

Model 2

Reference

 

0.97

−0.46 2.40

0.19

−0.35

−1.82 1.12

0.64

 

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

 

Mean

SD

P

Changes in CV risk score

14.8

8.4

15.4

9.6

 

14.1

7.9

0.03

 

Β

 

Β

95% CI

P

Β

95% CI

P

Model 1

Reference

 

0.74

−0.25 1.73

0.15

−0.45

−1.45 0.55

0.38

Model 2

Reference

 

0.96

−0.06 1.98

0.06

0.03

−0.99 1.05

0.96

  1. Model 1 adjusted for BMI, education, living in a rural area, Model 2 adjusted for BMI, education, living in a rural area, METS (h/week), alcohol intake, history of CV diseases, values of fasting glucose, log-CRP, fiber, and saturated fatty acid intakes.