Fig. 2
From: Complement mediators: key regulators of airway tissue remodeling in asthma
Model shows IL-13 and TGF-β mediated sub-epithelial fibrosis. Both of these cytokines are released post complement activation in airway lumen. Further, TGF- β1 promotes the differentiation of fibroblast into myofibroblast, and IL-13 stimulates collagen type-1 production by the airway fibroblast in a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and TGF-β1-dependent manner.