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Table 9 Analyses of IL-2, IFN-γ and TGF-β expression in LLABCs pre NAC and post NAC

From: Natural killer (NK) cell profiles in blood and tumour in women with large and locally advanced breast cancer (LLABC) and their contribution to a pathological complete response (PCR) in the tumour following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC): differential restoration of blood profiles by NAC and surgery

Cytokines

Groups

Pre NAC

Post NAC

Low/negative expression (n)

High expression (n)

Pearson Chi Square value (GPR versus PPR, PCR versus non PCR)

P value

Low/negative expression (n)

High expression (n)

Pearson Chi Square value (GPR versus PPR, PCR versus non PCR)

P value

IL-2 (n = 16)

Good pathological response (GPR, n = 9)

3

6

0.042

0.838

5

4

1.667

0.197

Poor pathological response (PPR, n = 7)

2

5

6

1

Pathological complete response (PCR, n = 6)

2

4

0.019

0.889

3

3

1.571

0.210

Non pathological complete response (Non PCR, n = 10)

3

7

8

2

IFN-γ (n = 16)

Good pathological response (GPR, n = 9)

0

9

2.939

0.086

4

5

0.423

0.515

Poor pathological response (PPR, n = 7)

2

5

2

5

Pathological complete response (PCR, n = 6)

0

6

1.371

0.242

2

4

0.71

0.790

Non pathological complete response (Non PCR, n = 10)

2

8

4

6

TGF-βa (n = 16)

Good pathological response (GPR, n = 9)

6

3

0.907

0.341

5

4

2.861

0.091

Poor pathological response (PPR, n = 7)

3

4

1

6

Pathological complete response (PCR, n = 6)

4

2

0.423

0.515

4

2

3.484

0.062

Non pathological complete response (Non PCR, n = 10)

5

5

2

8

  1. LLABCs large (≥3 cm) and locally advanced breast cancers (T3–4 N1–2 M0), NAC neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
  2. aTGF-β was scored as negative and positive.