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Table 3 Selected references reporting roles of miRNAs with a high relative recovery during cerebral microdialysis

From: Detection and quantification of microRNA in cerebral microdialysate

MiRNA

Author, year

Design/model

Tissue/material

Relation of miRNA to acute cerebral injury

miR-29b

Shi et al, 2011 [7]

A: 90 min of MCA occlusion in rats (ischemia)

A: Brain tissue 24 hours after occlusion

Increased miR expression (A+B), repression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2L2, and thereby neuronal cell death (B).

B: Oxygen-glucose deprivation in cortical neuronal cell cultures from rats.

B: Cell suspension

Pre-treating neuronal cultures with miR-29b inhibitor decreased neuronal cell death (B)

miR-34a

Su et al, 2014 [16]

A: 15 min of MCA occlusion in mice (preconditioning)

A: Microglia extracted ex vivo after 3 days

MiR promotes CNS inflammation in microglia by suppressing transcription of the twist2 gene and thereby the anti-inflammatory gene cMaf.

B: Microglia cell culture from mice

B: Cell suspension

Induced by expression of p53.

Truettner et al, 2013 [15]

Stretch injury, cortical neuron cultures from rats

Cell suspension

MiR promotes apoptosis by inhibiting translation of the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl2 and XIAP and increasing expression of the apoptotic cytokine Caspase 11.

miR-155

Su et al, 2014 [16]

A: 15 min of MCA occlusion in mice. (preconditioning)

A: Microglia extracted ex vivo after 3 days

Increased miR expression (A) MiR promotes CNS inflammation in microglia by suppressing the anti-inflammatory gene cMaf in microglia (A+B)

B: Microglial cell culture from mice

B: Cell suspension

Normal cytokine induced expression of miR-155 is suppressed in p53-deficient microglia (B).

Following treatment with INF-γ, the normal expression of IL-1α and IL-1β are suppressed in miR-155 knock out microglia cell cultures (B).

Freilich et al, 2013 [19]

LPS stimulation, microglial cell cultures from mice pups

Cell suspension

Increased miR expression after LPS and thereby activation of several pro-inflammatory pathways.

  1. MCA = middle cerebral artery, CNS = central nervous system, LPS = lipopolysaccharide.