Table 1 Cohort characteristics according to the CD14 C-260T SNP distribution

Age, years

38 (32–48)

41 (37–45)

41 (36–48)

41 (36–46)

Gender, n (%) male

13 (86.7%)

33 (80.5%)

17 (70.8%)

67 (79.8%)

Ethnicity, n (%)

- Malay

7 (46.7%)

7 (17.1%)

3 (12.5%)

19 (22.6%)

- Chinese

7 (46.7%)

28 (68.3%)

19 (79.2%)

56 (66.7%)

- Indian

1 (6.7%)

6 (14.6%)

2 (8.3%)

9 (10.7%)

Baseline CD4 T-cell count, cells/μl

30 (8–253)

106 (13–223)

60 (22–197)

63 (16–228)

Current CD4 T-cell count, cells/μl

300 (155–450)

386 (286–536)

468 (292–631)

387 (271–547)

Current CD4:CD8 ratio

0.36 (0.17–0.55)

0.54 (0.33–0.73)

0.59 (0.28–0.79)

0.51 (0.28–0.74)

Baseline HIV RNA, copies/ml

163693 (59611–559681)

137600 (50158–316679)

105659 (33069–404288)

136423 (52214–398660)

Duration on ARV, years

2 (1–6)

5 (3–10)

7 (2–10)

4 (1–8)

Current ARV regimen, n (%)

- NNRTI-based

13 (86.7%)

36 (87.8%)

21 (87.5%)

74 (88.1%)

- PI-based

2 (13.3%)

5 (12.2%)

3 (12.5%)

10 (11.9%)

Previous abacavir use, n (%)

1 (2.4%)

1 (1.1%)

Previous PI use, n (%)

3 (7.3%)

3 (3.6%)

Positive hepatitis C antibody, n (%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (4.2%)

2 (2.4%)

Positive hepatitis B surface antigen, n (%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

Smoking, n (%)

- Never

9 (60.0%)

24 (58.5%)

12 (50.0%)

46 (54.8%)

- Former

2 (13.3%)

4 (9.8%)

4 (16.7%)

10 (11.9%)

- Current

4 (26.7%)

13 (31.7%)

8 (33.3%)

28 (33.3%)

Framingham risk score, %

5.85 (1.88–11.45)

5.05 (2.93–8.63)

4.75 (2.23–14.80)

5.00 (2.75–11.05)

Body mass index, kg/m²

22.3 (19.8–25.1)

22.6 (21.4–25.4)

24.1 (20.8–26.2)

23.0 (21.2–25.5)

Family history CVD, n (%)

1 (6.7%)

7 (17.1%)

0 (0.0%)

8 (9.5%)

Diabetes, n (%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (2.4%)

2 (8.3%)

4 (4.8%)

Hypertension, n (%)

9 (60.0%)

14 (34.1%)

8 (33.3%)

32 (38.1%)

Fasting glucose, mmol/L

4.8 (4.5–5.5)

5.2 (4.9–5.5)

5.3 (4.7–5.8)

5.1 (4.7–5.6)

Total cholesterol, mmol/L

5.4 (4.2–5.8)

5.2 (4.7–6.2)

5.2 (4.8–5.6)

5.2 (4.6–5.8)

LDL, mmol/L

2.8 (2.5–3.6)

3.1 (2.5–3.9)

3.1 (2.6–3.5)

3.0 (2.5–3.6)

HDL, mmol/L

1.2 (0.9–1.5)

1.2 (1.0–1.5)

1.1 (0.9–1.3)

1.2 (0.9–1.4)

Triglycerides, mmol/L

2.0 (1.4–2.8)

1.8 (1.5–2.3)

2.1 (1.5–3.3)

1.9 (1.4–2.5)

Increased cIMT, (>0.7 mm), n (%)

3 (20.0%)

13 (31.7%)

6 (25.0%)

23 (27.4%)

TLR4 frequency, n (%)

- TLR4 Asp299Gly (c.896A > G) (rs4986790)

1 (2.4%)

1 (1.1%)

- TLR4 Thr399Ile (c.1196C > T) (rs2569190)

1 (2.4%)

1 (1.1%)