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Figure 3 | Journal of Translational Medicine

Figure 3

From: The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM) in inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis

Figure 3

TREM-1 and TREM-2 role in IBD. TREM-1 and TREM-2 exert similar activities in the gut microenvironment leading to the amplification of intestinal inflammation. (A), TREM-1 is expressed on the macrophage surface of IBD patients leading to the increased production of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 and MCP-1. (B), TREM-2 is expressed on the surface of mature DC exclusively in the inflamed mucosa. Increased expression of TREM-2 drives the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and IL-12p70, and induces T-cell activation. (C), It’s still unknown if in the inflamed mucosa of IBD patients, TREM-1 positive macrophages possess different phagocytic or killing activity, or if they displayed a peculiar polarization. Similarly, it's not known if the pathogenic role of TREM-2 positive DCs could be mediated by selective interaction with specific TLR.

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