Figure 11

The effect of MR, AT1R or AT2R blockade in ROS generation and caspase 3 activity by PTEC. (A) Individual use of MR, AT1R or AT2R antagonist failed to effectively inhibit the up-regulation of ROS generation and (B) caspase 3 activity by PTEC cultured with Aldo (10^-10 M), AngII (10^-10 M) or 4 fold diluted IgA-HMC medium prepared from IgAN patients (medium-IgAN). Abolishment of up-regulated ROS generation and caspase 3 activity by PTEC was only achieved by combining PD123319 and eplerenone. * and ** signify p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 respectively when compared with data from HMC cultured with plain medium control. ## and # signify p < 0.01 and p < 0.05 respectively when compared with data from HMC corresponding activator without pre-incubation of any receptor antagonist. The results represent the mean ± SD from five individual experiments.