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Table 3 Summary of clinical and laboratory findings for Responders (1–16) and Non-responders (17–20).

From: Mycobacterium avium complex immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: Long term outcomes

 

CD4 count (cells/ml)

  

Treatment

#

Age, sex

Symptoms

Organ involvement

Diagnostic procedure

Baseline viral loada

Baselineb

At time of IRIS

At time of follow upc

Viral load at follow up

Time to IRISd (days)

MAC therapy

Duration of corticosteroid (months)

1

37, F

Fever, N/V

GI, liver

Liver biopsy

249,880

10

54

84

<50

226

Azm, ETB

12

2

40, M

Fever, abd pain

Abd LN

LN aspirate

32,318

43

165

229

<50

66

Azm, ETB

---

3

44, M

Fever, abd pain

GI, Bone marrow

BMBx, blood Cx

215,201

69

199

326

<50

25

Clm, ETB, RIB, cipro

22

4

59, M

Fever, abd pain

GI, Bone marrow

GI biopsy, BMBx

188,000

34

98

140

<50

604

Azm, ETB, RIB, cipro

10

5

33, M

LAN

Axillary LN

LN aspirate

72,777

20

64

89

<50

1689

Clm, ETB

---

6

53, M

LAN

Axillary LN

Tissue culture

750,000

9

111

201

<50

306

Clm, ETB

---

7

53, M

Fever, rash, NS

Supraclavicular LN

LN aspirate

31,517

5

142

97

<50

192

Azm, ETB, RIB

---

8

47, M

Fever, abd pain, NS

Supraclavicular LN, Liver

Liver biopsy

500,000

2

3

13

21,439

122

Azm, ETB, RIB

Not available

9

32, M

LAN

Cervical LN

LN aspirate

117,580

204

224

403

<50

456

Clm, ETB, RIB

---

10

28, M

LAN

Axillary LN

Tissue culture

217,174

8

66

226

<50

75

Clm, ETB, RIB

---

11

38, M

Fever, Wt loss

Liver, Bone marrow

Liver Bx, BMBx

750,000

4

35

99

87

10

Clm, ETB

---

12

38, M

Fever, LAN, fatigue

Cervical LN

Tissue culture

366,000

16

46

10

97,000

18

Azm, ETB, RIB

---

13

40, M

Fever, abd pain, N/V, diarrhea

Abd LN, GI

LN aspirate

321,851

21

71

73

849

84

Azm, ETB

6

14

40, M

Fever, diarrhea, cough

ABD LN, Mediastinal LN

Blood Cx, CT

624,697

1

18

48

<50

63

Clm, ETB, RIB

14

15

30, F

Fever, NS, diarrhea

GI, Bone marrow

Tissue Bx, BMBx

205,115

9

39

141

336

16

Clm, ETB

---

16

42, F

Fever, NS

Abd LN

Blood Cx, CT

2,115,623

7

65

118

2,729

17

Clm, ETB

---

17

46, M

LAN, abd pain

Abd LN, supraclavicular LN, mediastinal LN

LN aspirate

292,571

11

72

108

<50

359

Azm, ETB, RIB, cipro, amikacin

---

18

44, M

Fever, abd pain

Abd LN

LN aspirate

205,000

5

61

40

<50

360

Clm, ETB, RIB, cipro, amikacin

48

19

27, M

Fever, abd pain, N/V

GI, abd LN

Blood Cx, CT

490,668

6

112

111

<50

47

Azm, ETB

7

20

35, M

Fever, abd pain, N/V, diarrhea

GI, abd LN

Blood Cx, stool Cx, CT

48,053

2

364

3

70,324

13

Azm, ETB

---

  1. Note: N/V, nausea and vomiting; abd, abdominal; LAN, lymphadenopathy; NS, night sweats; GI, gastrointestinal tract; LN, lymph node; Cx, culture; BMBx, bone marrow biopsy; Bx, biopsy; CT, CAT scan findings; Azm, azithromycin; ETB, ethambutol; Clm, clarithromycin; RIB, rifabutin.
  2. a HIV quantitative PCR measured as copies/cc of plasma.
  3. b CD4 count prior to the initiation of HAART.
  4. c For responders, follow up = resolution of symptoms.
  5. d Duration of time from the initiation of HAART to the development of IRIS symptoms.