Figure 1

Effects of oleanolic acid (OA) on renal morphological changes. (A) Representative renal sections stained with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS; original magnifications, ×400), Masson-trichrome (M-T; original magnifications, ×400), and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA; original magnifications, ×200). (B) Quantitative analyses of the results for the mesangial fractional area (%). (C) Quantitative analyses of the results for the tubulointerstitial fibrosis area. *p <0.01 vs. other groups. (D) Quantitative analyses of the results for α-SMA. **p <0.05 vs. other groups. VH = vehicle-treated group; VH + OA = vehicle plus oleanolic acid-treated group; CsA = cyclosporine-treated group; CsA + OA = cyclosporine plus oleanolic acid-treated group.