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Table 1 Effect of long-term treatment with ramipril (I/R ramipril) and lixisenatide (I/R lixisenatide) after transient ischemia reperfusion injury

From: Cardioprotective effects of lixisenatide in rat myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury studies

 

Sham

I/R Placebo

I/R ramipril (1 mg/kg/d p.o.)

I/R lixisenatide (10 μg/kg/d s.c.)

Body Weight (g)

441 ± 9

432 ± 9

403 ± 7*

390 ± 6*

Food consumption (mg/kg/d)

73 ± 3

78 ± 2

72 ± 5

79 ± 4

Water consumption (mL/kg/d)

116 ± 3

120 ± 2

168 ± 5*

120 ± 2

Plasma BNP (pg/mL)

112 ± 5*

178 ± 14

113 ± 6*

110 ± 7*

Plasma glucose (mmol/L)

8.8 ± 0.2

8.8 ±0.3

8.6 ± 0.3

8.0 ± 0.4

Plasma triglyceride (mmol/L)

0.61 ± 0.09

0.49 ± 0.05

0.44 ± 0.04

0.47 ± 0.03

Plasma ACE activity [U/L]

186 ± 17

206 ± 37

51 ± 11*

192 ± 10

LVP (mmHg)

118 ± 5*

106 ± 3

97 ± 2*

105 ± 3

LVedP (mmHg)

3.22 ± 0.49*

10.32 ± 1.45

5.11 ± 0.93*

4.52 ± 0.43*

dP/dt max (mmHg/sec)

6695 ± 268*

5023 ± 210

4724 ± 197

5136 ± 243

dP/dt min (mmHg/sec)

−6877 ± 373*

−4463 ± 206

−4499 ± 184

−4683 ± 278

Heart Rate (beats/min)

324 ± 8

316 ± 6

327 ± 7

308 ± 8

tau Weiss (msec)

8.39 ± 0.45*

15.08 ± 0.75

11.93 ± 0.76*

11.37 ± 0.47*

Heart Weight (g/100 g BW)

0.26 ± 0.01*

0.29 ± 0.01

0.28 ± 0.01

0.28 ± 0.01

Cardiac expansion index

0.29 ± 0.02

0.28 ± 0.04

0.23 ± 0.05

0.30 ± 0.05

Lung Weight (g/100 g BW)

0.44 ± 0.03*

0.63 ± 0.05

0.44 ± 0.02*

0.43 ± 0.02*

Liver Weight (g/100 g BW)

3.31 ± 0.04

3.23 ± 0.06

3.12 ± 0.05

3.02 ± 0.16

Right Kidney Weight (g/100 g BW)

0.30 ± 0.01

0.30 ± 0.01

0.35 ± 0.01*

0.30 ± 0.01

  1. Abbreviations used are brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), left ventricular pressure (LVP), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVedP), myocardial contractility/relaxation (dP/dtmax, dP/dtmin), heart rate, relaxation time (tau Weiss). Mean values ± SEM are shown. *) indicates p < 0.05 versus the placebo group (I/R injury without treatment).